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Expansions of GMM statistics that indicate their properties under weak and/or many instruments and the bootstrap

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Author Info
Frank Kleibergen

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Abstract

We construct higher order expressions for Wald and Lagrange multiplier (LM) GMM statistics that are based on 2step and continuous updating estimators (CUE). We show that the sensitivity of the limit distribution to weak and many instruments results from superfluous elements in the higher order expansion. When the instruments are strong and their number is small, these elements are of higher order and result in higher order biases. When instruments are weak and/or their number is large, they are, however, of zero-th order and influence the limiting distributions. Edgeworth approximations do not remove the superfluous elements. The expansion of the LM-CUE statistic, which is Kleibergen's (2003) K-statistic, does not contain the superfluous higher order elements so it is robust to weak or many instruments. An Edgeworth approximation of its finite sample distribution shows that the bootstrap reduces the size distortion. We compute power curves for tests on the autocorrelation parameter in a panel autoregressive model to illustrate the consequences of the higher order.terms and the improvement that results from applying the bootstrap

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Paper provided by Econometric Society in its series Econometric Society 2004 North American Summer Meetings with number 408.

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Date of creation: 11 Aug 2004
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Handle: RePEc:ecm:nasm04:408

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Keywords: GMM weak instruments bootstrap Panel AR(1)

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
C11 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: General - - - Bayesian Analysis
C20 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - General
C30 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - General

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References listed on IDEAS
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Ben R. Craig & William E. Jackson, III & James B. Thomson, 2006. "Small firm credit market discrimination, SBA-guaranteed lending, and local market economic performance," Working Paper 0613, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. [Downloadable!]
  2. William E.Jackson, III & Ben R. Craig & James B. Thompson, 2006. "Does Small Business Administration guaranteed lending improve economic performance in low–income areas?," Proceedings – Community Affairs Dept. Conferences, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, issue Jul, pages 55-85. [Downloadable!]
  3. Mehmet Caner, 2005. "Higher Order Expansions in GMM with Nearly Weak and Many Nearly Weak Instruments," Working Papers 209, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Economics, revised Jan 2005. [Downloadable!]
  4. Marcelo J. Moreira & Jack R. Porter & Gustavo A. Suarez, 2004. "Bootstrap and Higher-Order Expansion Validity When Instruments May Be Weak," NBER Technical Working Papers 0302, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Ben R. Craig & William E. Jackson, III & James B. Thomson, 2006. "Small-firm credit markets, SBA-guaranteed lending, and economic performance in low-income areas," Working Paper 0601, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. [Downloadable!]
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