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La competitividad internacional manufacturera en Argentina, México y Turquía: una investigación empírica

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  • Víctor M. Cuevas Ahumada

Abstract

Resumen Este trabajo investiga los efectos generados por la productividad laboral, los salarios y el tipo de cambio real, entre otras variables, sobre la Competitividad Internacional (CI) manufacturera de Argentina, México y Turquía, durante el período 1998-2008. Para tal fin, se construye un índice de CI para la industria manufacturera de cada nación, el cual se basa en el concepto de cuotas de mercado. Después de analizar el comportamiento de cada índice, se estima un modelo de Autorregresión Vectorial (modelo VAR ) para cada nación. Con base en estos modelos, se realizan pruebas de cointegración y se estiman funciones "generalizadas" de impulso-respuesta (FGIR ). Las pruebas de cointegración revelan que, en el largo plazo, la productividad laboral influye positivamente sobre la CI en las tres naciones. Las FGIR, por su parte, indican que un aumento transitorio en la productividad laboral eleva la CI en Argentina y México desde el momento del impacto, aunque este efecto se diluye poco después. En el caso particular de Turquía, las FGIR permiten observar que la CI se fortalece cuando los costos laborales unitarios descienden; es decir, cuando la productividad laboral crece por arriba de los salarios. Asimismo, tanto las pruebas de cointegración, como las FGIR , sugieren que una depreciación real de la moneda genera efectos contrapuestos sobre la

Suggested Citation

  • Víctor M. Cuevas Ahumada, 2009. "La competitividad internacional manufacturera en Argentina, México y Turquía: una investigación empírica," Economía, Gestión y Desarrollo 9355, Universidad Javeriana - Cali.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000097:009355
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