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Evaluación de impacto de las fases I y II del sistema de transporte masivo TransMilenio sobre el tiempo total de desplazamiento de los usuarios del tr

Author

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  • Jorge Andrés Perdomo Calvo
  • Hasbleidy Castañeda
  • Juan Carlo Mendieta

Abstract

El transporte público de Bogotá, durante décadas, ha representado uno de los grandes problemas por resolver en la ciudad. Con el fin de mejorar su eficiencia, fue implementado el sistema de transporte masivo TransMilenio (TM); cuyo objetivo principal, consiste en disminuir el tiempo total de viaje (acceso, espera y desplazamiento dentro del vehículo) para los usuarios. Por consiguiente, el presente trabajo busca evidenciar esta premisa empleando la metodología no paramétrica Propensity Score Matching (PSM, nombre y sigla en inglés); a partir de los datos compilados en la encuesta de movilidad bogotana, realizada durante 2005. Esta técnica, permitió comparar el promedio del tiempo total de viaje en dos grupos de individuos con características socioeconómicas homogéneas, diferenciados por el modo de transporte utilizado. El soporte común de ambas muestras, manejado en PSM, se estableció bajo el criterio que tiene cada individuo para acceder al sistema TransMilenio o transporte público colectivo (TPC), dado que la decisión de realizar el viaje es mutuamente excluyente y gozan con el privilegio de los dos servicios simultáneamente o misma probabilidad de consumirlos. De esta forma, el grupo detratamiento es representado por las personas encuestadas que se transportan en TM y a su vez tienen la misma oportunidad de tomar TPC para desplazarse; y el grupo de control, se constituyó de aquellos entrevistados trasladados en TPC y cuentan con la alternativa de realizar su viaje en TM. Entre los principales resultados, se destaca que el sistema TransMilenio ha reducido el promedio del tiempo total de viaje entre 11,92 y 13,89 minutos, para un usuario de TM; estos valores, equivalen a una disminución del 19% aproximadamente. El mayor impacto, fue observado sobre los individuos de estratos uno y dos, quienes obtuvieron una reducción de 24,5%; dado que realizan susdesplazamientos en TM.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Andrés Perdomo Calvo & Hasbleidy Castañeda & Juan Carlo Mendieta, 2010. "Evaluación de impacto de las fases I y II del sistema de transporte masivo TransMilenio sobre el tiempo total de desplazamiento de los usuarios del tr," Documentos CEDE 6884, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000089:006884
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Juan Carlos Mendieta & Jorge Andrés Perdomo, 2007. "Especificación y estimación de un modelo de precios hedónico espacial para evaluar el impacto de Transmilenio sobre el valor de la propiedad en Bogotá," Documentos CEDE 4280, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    2. Irma Chaparro, 2002. "Evaluación del impacto socio económico del transporte urbano en la ciudad de Bogotá. El caso del sistema de transporte masivo, Transmilenio," Documentos de Investigación 2640, Cepal Naciones Unidas.
    3. Rajeev H. Dehejia & Sadek Wahba, 2002. "Propensity Score-Matching Methods For Nonexperimental Causal Studies," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 84(1), pages 151-161, February.
    4. Daniel P. McMillen & John F. McDonald, 2002. "Land Values In A Newly Zoned City," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 84(1), pages 62-72, February.
    5. James J. Heckman & Hidehiko Ichimura & Petra Todd, 1998. "Matching As An Econometric Evaluation Estimator," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 65(2), pages 261-294.
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    Cited by:

    1. Perdomo, Jorge & Arzuza, Maria, 2014. "Beneficios económicos de Transmetro sobre la reducción de la accidentalidad vial en el área metropolitana de Barranquilla, Colombia," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, issue 82, pages 219-245, August.
    2. Jorge Andres, Perdomo Calvo & Jorge Andres, Perdomo Calvo, 2010. "Una propuesta metodológica para estimar los cambios sobre el valor de la propiedad: estudio de caso para Bogotá aplicando Propensity Score Matching y Precios Hedónicos Espaciales [A Propensity Scor," MPRA Paper 37178, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Juan Carlos Rodríguez Marín & Jhon Alexis Díaz Contreras, 2014. "Evaluación de impacto del sistema de transporte Metrolínea: revisión de metodologías," Revista Equidad y Desarrollo, Universidad de la Salle, September.
    4. Somik Vinay Lall & J. Vernon Henderson & Anthony J. Venables, 2017. "Africa's Cities," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 25896, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Impact Evaluation; TransMilenio; traditional public transport; total travel time; waiting time; walking time; common support; Propensity Score Matching;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • L92 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Railroads and Other Surface Transportation
    • C25 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions; Probabilities
    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
    • R41 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Travel Time; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise
    • R48 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Government Pricing and Policy

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