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Wind Turbine Placement and Externalities

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  • Mathias Mier
  • Patrick Hoffmann

Abstract

We apply Open Street Map to identify available placement cells and Global Wind Atlas to determine average wind speeds on a 500 x 500m grid in Germany (1.3 million cells). Minimum distances to obstacles such a roads and buildings leave 535,000 potential placement cells. We calculate distance‐dependent noise and visibility damages for each placement cell by using property prices for each of the 401 German counties. We mini‐ mize the sum of externalities and project cost given a certain expansion target of average power output, thereby allowing to build two different turbine types. The externality share is 13% for the first 3,600 turbines and 52% with total damages of 293 billion e when installing 83,000 turbines (349 GW rated power). The externality share grows up to 311% with total damages of 1,409 billion e when not considering externalities in the placement process.

Suggested Citation

  • Mathias Mier & Patrick Hoffmann, 2022. "Wind Turbine Placement and Externalities," ifo Working Paper Series 369, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifowps:_369
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mathias Mier, 2023. "European Electricity Prices in Times of Multiple Crises," ifo Working Paper Series 394, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Wind turbine; placement; property prices; externality; noise; visibility;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C61 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis
    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
    • Q52 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Pollution Control Adoption and Costs; Distributional Effects; Employment Effects
    • R14 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Land Use Patterns

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