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Hard or Soft? Institutional Reforms and Infrastructure Spending as Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in China

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Author Info
K. C. Fung () (University of California at Santa Cruz)
Alicia García-Herrero () (Banco de España)
Hitomi Iizaka () (University of California at Santa Cruz)
Alan Siu () (University of Hong Kong - School of Economics and Finance)

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Abstract

In this paper, we examine empirically whether hard infrastructure, in the form of more highways and railroads, or soft infrastructure, in the form of more market oriented institutions through deeper reform, lead to more foreign direct investment (FDI) in China. We use data of outward FDI from the United States, Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Korea to various regions of China from 1990 to 2002. We control for the standard determinants of FDI, namely regional market size, wage rates, human capital and tax policies. We add indices of hard and soft infrastructure and find that soft infrastructure, in the form of more market oriented institutions through deeper structural reform, consistently outperforms hard infrastructure as a determinant of FDI.

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File URL: http://www.bde.es/webbde/SES/Secciones/Publicaciones/PublicacionesSeriadas/DocumentosTrabajo/06/Fic/dt0616e.pdf
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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Banco de España in its series Banco de España Working Papers with number 0616.

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Length: 23 pages
Date of creation: Jun 2006
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Handle: RePEc:bde:wpaper:0616

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Related research
Keywords: china; fdi determinants;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business

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References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Silvia Fabiani & Claudia Kwapil & Martine Druant & Ignacio Hernando & Bettina Landau & Claire Loupias & Fernando Martins & Thomas Y. Mathä & Roberto Sabbatini & Harald Stahl & Ad C. J. Stokman, 2005. "The pricing behaviour of firms in the euro area - new survey evidence," Working Paper Series 535, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  2. K. C. Fung & Alicia Garcia-Herrero & Hitomi Iizaka & Alan Siu, 2005. "Hard Or Soft? Institutional Reforms And Infrastructure Spending As Determinants Of Foreign Direct Investment In China," The Japanese Economic Review, Japanese Economic Association, vol. 56(4), pages 408-416. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Luis J. Álvarez & Pablo Burriel & Ignacio Hernando, 2005. "Price setting behaviour in Spain: evidence from micro PPI data," Banco de España Working Papers 0527, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Emmanuel Dhyne & Luis J. Álvarez & Hervé Le Bihan & Giovanni Veronese & Daniel Dias & Johannes Hoffmann & Nicole Jonker & Patrick Lünnemann & Fabio Rumler & Jouko Vilmunen, 2005. "Price setting in the euro area: Some stylized facts from Individual Consumer Price Data," Research series 200509-2, National Bank of Belgium. [Downloadable!]
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  5. Luis J. Álvarez & Emmanuel Dhyne & Marco M. Hoeberichts & Claudia Kwapil & Hervé Le Bihan & Patrick Lünnemann & Roberto Sabbatini & Fernando Martins & Harald Stahl & Philip Vermeulen & Jouko Vilmun, 2005. "Sticky prices in the euro area - a summary of new micro evidence," Working Paper Series 563, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  6. Arturo Galindo & Alejandro Izquierdo & José M. Montero, 2006. "Real exchange rates, dollarization and industrial employment in Latin America," Banco de España Working Papers 0601, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
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  7. Luis J. Álvarez & Ignacio Hernando, 2005. "The price setting behaviour of spanish firms - evidence from survey data," Working Paper Series 538, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Praveen Kujal & Juan Ruiz, 2007. "Cost effectiveness of R&D and strategic trade policy," Banco de España Working Papers 0701, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Aitor Lacuesta, 2006. "Emigration and human capital: who leaves, who comes back and what difference does it make?," Banco de España Working Papers 0620, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
  3. Luis J. Álvarez & Ignacio Hernando, 2006. "Competition and price adjustment in the euro area," Banco de España Working Papers 0629, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
  4. K. C. Fung & Alicia García-Herrero & Hitomi Iizaka & Alan Siu, 2006. "Hard or Soft? Institutional Reforms and Infrastructure Spending as Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in China," Banco de España Working Papers 0616, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Elina Eskola, . "Improving Trade and Transport Services in Tanzania: A General Equilibrium Approach," Discussion Papers 05-22, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics, revised Nov 2005. [Downloadable!]
  6. Chen, George Shih-Ku, 2009. "Determinants of Taiwanese investment in China: An agglomeration economies-based perspective," MPRA Paper 13894, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  7. Philip Vermeulen & Daniel Dias & Maarten Dossche & Erwan Gautier & Ignacio Hernando & Roberto Sabbatini & Harald Stahl, 2007. "Price setting in the euro area: some stylised facts from individual producer price data," Banco de España Working Papers 0703, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  8. Ricardo Gimeno & Juan M. Nave, 2006. "Genetic algorithm estimation of interest rate term structure," Banco de España Working Papers 0634, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
  9. Sergio Puente, 2006. "Dynamic stability in repeated games," Banco de España Working Papers 0618, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
  10. Enrique Alberola & José María Serena, 2007. "Global financial integration, monetary policy and reserve accumulation. Assessing the limits in emerging economies," Banco de España Working Papers 0706, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
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