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What Firms' Surveys Tell Us about Price-Setting Behavior in the Euro Area

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Author Info
Silvia Fabiani (Banca d'Italia)
Martine Druant (Banque Nationale de Belgique)
Ignacio Hernando (Banco de Espana)
Claudia Kwapil (Oesterreichische Nationalbank)
Bettina Landau (European Central Bank)
Claire Loupias (Banque de France)
Fernando Martins (Banco de Portugal)
Thomas Mathä (Banque centrale du Luxembourg)
Roberto Sabbatini (Banca d'Italia)
Harald Stahl (Deutsche Bundesbank)
Ad Stokman (De NEderlandsche Bank)

Additional information is available for the following registered author(s):

Abstract

This study investigates the pricing behavior of firms in the euro area on the basis of surveys conducted by nine Eurosystem national central banks, covering more than 11,000 firms. The results, consistent across countries, show that firms operate in monopolistically competitive markets, where prices are mostly set following markup rules and where price discrimination is common. Around one-third of firms follow mainly timedependent pricing rules, while two-thirds allow for elements of state dependence. The majority of the firms take into account both past and expected economic developments in their pricing decisions. Price reviews happen with a low frequency, of about one to three times per year in most countries, but prices are actually changed even less. Hence, price stickiness arises at both stages of the price-setting process and is mainly driven by customer relationships - explicit and implicit contracts - and coordination failure. Firms adjust prices asymmetrically in response to shocks: while cost shocks have a greater impact when prices have to be raised than when they have to be reduced, a fall in demand is more likely to induce a price change than an increase in demand.

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Publisher Info
Article provided by International Journal of Central Banking in its journal International Journal of Central Banking.

Volume (Year): 2 (2006)
Issue (Month): 3 (September)
Pages:
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Handle: RePEc:ijc:ijcjou:y:2006:q:3:a:1

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
D40 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure and Pricing - - - General
E30 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Julio J. Rotemberg, 2009. "Altruistic Dynamic Pricing with Customer Regret," NBER Working Papers 14933, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Alvarez González, Luis Julián, 2008. "What Do Micro Price Data Tell Us on the Validity of the New Keynesian Phillips Curve?," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, vol. 2(19), pages 1-36. [Downloadable!]
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  8. Rafal Raciborski, 2008. "Searching for additional sources of inflation persistence : the micro-price panel data approach," Research series 200804-04, National Bank of Belgium. [Downloadable!]
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  10. Fischer, Andreas M & Lutz, Matthias & Wälti, Manuel, 2007. "Who Prices Locally? Survey Evidence of Swiss Exporters," CEPR Discussion Papers 6442, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. David M. Arseneau & Sanjay K. Chugh, 2008. "Optimal fiscal and monetary policy in customer markets," International Finance Discussion Papers 919, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
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  13. Mikael Carlsson & Oskar Nordström Skans, 2009. "Evaluating microfoundations for aggregate price rigidities - evidence from matched firm-level data on product prices and unit labor cost," Working Paper Series 1083, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  14. Thomas Y. MATH€ & Olivier PIERRARD, 2009. "Search in the Product Market and the Real Business Cycle," Discussion Papers (IRES - Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales) 2009019, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES). [Downloadable!]
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  15. Levy, Daniel & Lee, Dongwon & Chen, Allan (Haipeng) & Kauffman, Robert & Bergen, Mark, 2007. "Price Points and Price Rigidity," MPRA Paper 1472, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
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  16. Alberto Musso & Livio Stracca & Dick van Dijk, 2007. "Instability and nonlinearity in the Euro area Phillips curve," Working Paper Series 811, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  17. Giovanni Dosi & Giorgio Fagiolo & Andrea Roventini, 2008. "Schumpeter Meeting Keynes: A Policy-Friendly Model of Endogenous Growth and Business Cycles," LEM Papers Series 2008/21, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
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  18. Erwan Gautier, 2008. "The behaviour of producer prices: evidence from French PPI micro data," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 35(2), pages 301-332, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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