IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ake/iiepdt/202047.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Automatización y Empleo en Uruguay

Author

Listed:
  • Diego Aboal

    (Centro de Investigaciones Económicas)

  • Andrés López

    (Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política de Buenos Aires - UBA - CONICET)

  • Roxana Maurizio

    (Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política de Buenos Aires - UBA - CONICET)

  • María Paz Queraltó

    (Centro de Investigaciones Económicas)

  • Emiliano Tealde

    (Centro de Investigaciones Económicas)

Abstract

El presente trabajo revisa la evidencia disponible sobre la relación cambio tecnológico y empleo a nivel internacional y desarrolla una serie de ejercicios cuantitativos y cualitativos para el caso uruguayo a fin de evaluar los impactos de la automatización de tareas sobre el empleo. La evidencia disponible hasta el momento no permite concluir nada firme respecto de la preeminencia de los efectos escala o sustitución. Sin embargo, sí parece muy claro que ha venido ocurriendo un desplazamiento en el tipo de habilidades y calificaciones requeridas a medida que se despliegan los procesos de cambio tecnológico. No solo hay un pasaje de las habilidades físicas y manuales a las cognitivas, acompañado de un creciente requerimiento de credenciales educativas superiores, sino también, al menos en ciertos casos, una mayor demanda de habilidades socio-emocionales.

Suggested Citation

  • Diego Aboal & Andrés López & Roxana Maurizio & María Paz Queraltó & Emiliano Tealde, 2019. "Automatización y Empleo en Uruguay," Documentos de trabajo del Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política IIEP (UBA-CONICET) 2020-47, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política IIEP (UBA-CONICET).
    • Handle: RePEc:ake:iiepdt:202047
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://iiep-baires.econ.uba.ar/uploads/publicaciones/516/archivos/1.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Victor Lavy & Avraham Ebenstein & Sefi Roth, 2014. "The Impact of Short Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution on Cognitive Performance and Human Capital Formation," NBER Working Papers 20648, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Marcotte, Dave E., 2015. "Allergy test: Seasonal allergens and performance in school," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 132-140.
    3. Janet Currie & Eric A. Hanushek & E. Megan Kahn & Matthew Neidell & Steven G. Rivkin, 2009. "Does Pollution Increase School Absences?," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 91(4), pages 682-694, November.
    4. Levinson, Arik, 2012. "Valuing public goods using happiness data: The case of air quality," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(9-10), pages 869-880.
    5. Jorge Rojas-Vallejos & Carmen Gloria Jiménez Bucarey & Marcela Espinoza & Luis Araya-Castillo, 2021. "The short-term impact of urban air pollution on student achievement," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, vol. 87(2), March.
    6. Kenneth Y. Chay & Michael Greenstone, 2005. "Does Air Quality Matter? Evidence from the Housing Market," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 113(2), pages 376-424, April.
    7. Rojas-Vallejos, Jorge & Lastuka, Amy, 2020. "The income inequality and carbon emissions trade-off revisited," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhang, Xin & Zhang, Xiaobo & Chen, Xi, 2017. "Valuing Air Quality Using Happiness Data: The Case of China," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 29-36.
    2. Lyu, Xueying, 2022. "Car restriction policies and housing markets," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    3. Bensnes, Simon Søbstad, 2016. "You sneeze, you lose:," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 1-13.
    4. Shihe Fu & V. Brian Viard, 2022. "A mayors perspective on tackling air pollution," Chapters, in: Charles K.Y. Leung (ed.), Handbook of Real Estate and Macroeconomics, chapter 16, pages 413-437, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    5. Xu Xu & Kevin Sylwester, 2016. "Environmental Quality and International Migration," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 69(1), pages 157-180, February.
    6. Bertram, Christine & Rehdanz, Katrin, 2015. "The role of urban green space for human well-being," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 139-152.
    7. Ambrey, Christopher L. & Chan, Andrew Yiu-Chung & Fleming, Christopher M., 2013. "Estimating the cost of air pollution in South East Queensland: An application of the life satisfaction non-market valuation approach," 2013 Conference (57th), February 5-8, 2013, Sydney, Australia 152133, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    8. Li, Jennifer (Jie) & Massa, Massimo & Zhang, Hong & Zhang, Jian, 2021. "Air pollution, behavioral bias, and the disposition effect in China," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(2), pages 641-673.
    9. Ambrey, Christopher L. & Fleming, Christopher M., 2011. "Valuing scenic amenity using life satisfaction data," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 106-115.
    10. Xuan Huang & Bruno Lanz, 2018. "The Value of Air Quality in Chinese Cities: Evidence from Labor and Property Market Outcomes," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 71(4), pages 849-874, December.
    11. Jiang, Dequan & Li, Weiping & Shen, Yongjian & Zhang, Ying, 2022. "Does air quality affect firms’ investment efficiency? Evidence from China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1-17.
    12. Julia Rechlitz & Luis Sarmiento & Aleksandar Zaklan, 2020. "Make Sure the Kids are OK: Indirect Effects of Ground-Level Ozone on Well-Being," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1877, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    13. Knight, S.J; Howley, P.;, 2017. "Can clean air make you happy? Examining the effect of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on life satisfaction," Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working Papers 17/08, HEDG, c/o Department of Economics, University of York.
    14. Sun, Cong & Kahn, Matthew E. & Zheng, Siqi, 2017. "Self-protection investment exacerbates air pollution exposure inequality in urban China," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 468-474.
    15. Han, Ahram & Ten, Gi Khan & Wang, Shun, 2023. "Gray skies and blue moms: The effect of air pollution on parental life satisfaction," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    16. Juan Palacios & Piet Eichholtz & Nils Kok & Erdal Aydin, 2021. "The impact of housing conditions on health outcomes," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 49(4), pages 1172-1200, December.
    17. Stephan Heblich & Alex Trew & Yanos Zylberberg, 2021. "East-Side Story: Historical Pollution and Persistent Neighborhood Sorting," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 129(5), pages 1508-1552.
    18. Zhang, Xin & Zhang, Xiaobo & Chen, Xi, 2015. "Happiness in the Air: How Does a Dirty Sky Affect Subjective Well-being?," IZA Discussion Papers 9312, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    19. Zhonghua Huang & Xuejun Du, 2022. "Does air pollution affect investor cognition and land valuation? Evidence from the Chinese land market," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 50(2), pages 593-613, June.
    20. Beland, Louis-Philippe & Boucher, Vincent, 2015. "Polluting politics," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 176-181.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Automatización; Empleo; Capital humano; Habilidades; Uruguay;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • O54 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ake:iiepdt:202047. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: IIEP UBA-CONICET (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ieeubar.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.