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Some Effects Of The U.S. Plant Variety Protection Act Of 1970

Author

Listed:
  • Perrin, R.K.
  • Kunnings, K.A.
  • Ihnen, L.A.

Abstract

This study is a partial evaluation of the effects of the U.S. Plant Variety Protection Act of 1970 (PVPA). It attempts to determine the effect of the Act on expenditures on crop breeding by the private sector, and on the availability and productivity of soybean varieties. A number of other potential effects of the Act, some of them controversial, are mentioned but not addressed in this study. The findings were that both the number of non-hybrid crop breeding programs and expenditures on them increased substantially during the 1970s as compared to the 1960s. It seems likely that these phenomena are due to the incentives created by the Act. Examining the productivity of breeding efforts in soybeans, the study found a three-fold increase in the number of varieties submitted for yield tests in the 1970s as compared to the 1960s. It also found the rate of improvement in yields was greater for varieties released after 1970 than for those released before 1970, although the improvement was significantly different from zero only at the 16 percent confidence level.

Suggested Citation

  • Perrin, R.K. & Kunnings, K.A. & Ihnen, L.A., 1983. "Some Effects Of The U.S. Plant Variety Protection Act Of 1970," Department of Economics and Business - Archive 259743, North Carolina State University, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:ncbuar:259743
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.259743
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Claffey, Barbara A., 1981. "Patenting Life Forms: Issues Surrounding the Plant Variety Protection Act," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 13(2), pages 29-37, December.
    2. Claffey, Barbara A., 1981. "Patenting Life Forms: Issues Surrounding The Plant Variety Protection Act," Southern Journal of Agricultural Economics, Southern Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 13(2), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Coase, Ronald H, 1972. "Durability and Monopoly," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 15(1), pages 143-149, April.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Spielman, David J. & Ma, Xingliang, 2014. "Intellectual property rights, technology diffusion, and agricultural development: Cross-country evidence:," IFPRI discussion papers 1345, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    2. Koo, Bonwoo & Pardey, Philip G. & Qian, Keming & Zhang, Yi, 2003. "The Economics of Generating and Maintaining Plant Variety Rights in China," 2003 Conference (47th), February 12-14, 2003, Fremantle, Australia 57908, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    3. Pardey, Philip G. & Koo, Bonwoo & Nottenburg, Carol, 2004. "Creating, Protecting, And Using Crop Biotechnologies Worldwide In An Era Of Intellectual Property," Staff Papers 13600, University of Minnesota, Department of Applied Economics.
    4. Nicholas Bloom & Charles I. Jones & John Van Reenen & Michael Webb, 2020. "Are Ideas Getting Harder to Find?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 110(4), pages 1104-1144, April.
    5. Fuglie, Keith & Ballenger, Nicole & Rubenstein, Kelly Day & Klotz, Cassandra & Ollinger, Michael & Reilly, John & Vasavada, Utpal & Yee, Jet, 1996. "Agricultural Research and Development: Public and Private Investments Under Alternative Markets and Institutions," Agricultural Economic Reports 262031, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    6. Deepthi Elizabeth Kolady & William Lesser, 2009. "But are they Meritorious? Genetic Productivity Gains under Plant Intellectual Property Rights," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(1), pages 62-79, February.
    7. Bonwoo Koo & Philip G. Pardey & Keming Qian & Yi Zhang, 2006. "An option perspective on generating and maintaining plant variety rights in China," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 35(1), pages 35-48, July.
    8. Mehdi Arzandeh & Derek G. Brewin, 2021. "R&D Investments in Plant Breeding under Changing Intellectual Property Rights," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 11(6), pages 32-47.
    9. Petra Moser & Paul W. Rhode, 2011. "Did Plant Patents Create the American Rose?," NBER Chapters, in: The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited, pages 413-438, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. David J. Spielman & Xingliang Ma, 2016. "Private Sector Incentives and the Diffusion of Agricultural Technology: Evidence from Developing Countries," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(5), pages 696-717, May.
    11. Perrin, Richard K. & Hunnings, K. Adrian & Ihnen Loren A., 1984. "Effects Of The 1970 Plant Variety Protection Act," 1984 Annual Meeting, August 5-8, Ithaca, New York 278909, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    12. Spielman, David J. & Smale, Melinda, 2017. "Policy options to accelerate variety change among smallholder farmers in South Asia and Africa South of the Sahara," IFPRI discussion papers 1666, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    13. Wright, Brian D. & Pardey, Philip G. & Nottenburg, Carol & Koo, Bonwoo, 2007. "Agricultural Innovation: Investments and Incentives," Handbook of Agricultural Economics, in: Robert Evenson & Prabhu Pingali (ed.), Handbook of Agricultural Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 48, pages 2533-2603, Elsevier.
    14. Kolady, Deepthi & Spielman, David J. & Cavalieri, Anthony J., 2010. "Intellectual property rights, private investment in research, and productivity growth in Indian agriculture: A review of evidence and options," IFPRI discussion papers 1031, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).

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