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Economía política de la tributación en Colombia

Author

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  • Isidro Hernández Rodríguez

Abstract

El magistrado estadounidense Oliver Wendell Holmes dijo alguna vez que los impuestos son el precio que pagamos por tener una sociedad civilizada. De hecho, el desarrollo de la tributación y la construcción del Estado van de la mano. En los países más avanzados la participación del recaudo y del gasto publico son superiores a lo que se da en los que no lo son. Una forma de explicar ese resultado son las diferencias económicas estructurales; otra, y que se explora en esta obra, son las diferencias políticas expresadas en diversas preferencias de los Estados por la tributación. En palabras de Isidro Hernández Rodríguez, ello requiere “explorar el efecto fiscal global sobre el desarrollo, es decir, si la tributación, el gasto público y la deuda estatal permitieron crear mercados e instalar infraestructura pública, si la justicia garantiza los derechos de propiedad y por ende las transacciones en los mercados; en suma, si la consolidación del Estado es fundamental para el desarrollo económico y social”. Este libro es un relato exhaustivo del progreso cualitativo y cuantitativo de Colombia en materia tributaria desde la Independencia. Su hipótesis central es la de que los avances en este campo se han hecho a regañadientes. Históricamente, los incrementos en la presión tributaria han obedecido a crisis, externas o internas. Y aún hoy, frente a naciones con economías comparables, los colombianos pagamos pocos impuestos. El lector encontrará un tratamiento inteligente y bien documentado de la evolución de la economía política del régimen impositivo colombiano. Se presentan series cuantitativas inéditas que describen cuánto y cómo se ha tributado en el país durante los dos siglos de nuestra existencia nacional. Es una historia de nuestro debate politico sobre cómo debe financiarse el Estado, que ofrece una interpretación teórica novedosa de las decisiones colectivas sobre las estructuras del sistema impositivo en un país en desarrollo.

Suggested Citation

  • Isidro Hernández Rodríguez, 2015. "Economía política de la tributación en Colombia," Books, Universidad Externado de Colombia, Facultad de Economía, edition 1, number 70, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:ext:public:70
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