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Are Audit Firms' Compensation Policies Associated with Audit Quality?

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  • Jürgen Ernstberger
  • Christopher Koch
  • Eva Maria Schreiber
  • Greg Trompeter

Abstract

We examine how compensation policies of audit firms are associated with audit quality. Specifically, we investigate the effects of the ratio of variable to fixed compensation and the size of the basis for profit sharing (i.e., whether partners share profits in a small or in a large profit pool). For our analyses, we use detailed mandatory disclosure of the compensation policies in German audit firms. We document that compensation policies vary considerably across audit firms. We find that profit sharing in a small profit pool and high variable compensation are two characteristics of auditor compensation associated with lower audit quality. We also find some evidence suggesting that audit quality may be most at risk in cases in which partners rely more heavily on variable compensation to divide a relatively small profit pool. In additional analyses, we find that these associations are more pronounced in medium‐sized audit firms. We argue that this finding may result from these firms being too large for audit partners to directly monitor each other effectively, yet simultaneously too small to have sophisticated centralized monitoring systems in place. Finally, we find that integrating partner‐specific, nonprofit‐related performance metrics into the compensation structure mitigates the adverse effects of small profit pools and high variable compensation. Les politiques de rémunération des cabinets d’audit sont‐elles liées à la qualité de l’audit? Les auteurs s'interrogent sur la nature du lien entre les politiques de rémunération des cabinets d'audit et la qualité de l'audit. Ils s'intéressent plus précisément à l'incidence de la proportion de la rémunération variable par rapport à la rémunération fixe et de la taille de la masse bénéficiaire (modeste ou importante) servant de base à la participation aux bénéfices. Ils utilisent dans leurs analyses l'information détaillée que les cabinets d'audit allemands sont tenus de fournir quant à leurs politiques de rémunération. Les données recueillies confirment que les politiques de rémunération varient considérablement selon les cabinets d'audit. Les auteurs constatent que la participation à une masse bénéficiaire modeste et une proportion élevée de rémunération variable sont deux caractéristiques de la rémunération des auditeurs qui sont associées à une qualité inférieure de l'audit. Ils relèvent également des données qui tendent à démontrer que la qualité de l'audit peut être exposée à un maximum de risque dans les cas où les associés s'appuient davantage sur la rémunération variable pour le partage d'une masse bénéficiaire relativement modeste. Des analyses supplémentaires révèlent que ces liens sont plus marqués dans les cabinets d'audit de taille moyenne. Selon les auteurs, cette observation pourrait être attribuable au fait que la taille de ces cabinets est trop importante pour que les associés d'audit puissent se livrer directement à une surveillance réciproque efficace, mais néanmoins trop modeste pour qu'ils se dotent de systèmes de surveillance centralisés perfectionnés. Enfin, les auteurs constatent que l'intégration de paramètres de rendement non liés aux bénéfices propres aux associés dans la structure de rémunération atténue les répercussions négatives des masses bénéficiaires modestes et de la proportion élevée de rémunération variable.

Suggested Citation

  • Jürgen Ernstberger & Christopher Koch & Eva Maria Schreiber & Greg Trompeter, 2020. "Are Audit Firms' Compensation Policies Associated with Audit Quality?," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(1), pages 218-244, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:37:y:2020:i:1:p:218-244
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12528
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    Cited by:

    1. Downar, Benedikt & Ernstberger, Jürgen & Koch, Christopher, 2021. "Who makes partner in Big 4 audit firms? – Evidence from Germany," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    2. Downar, Benedikt & Ernstberger, Jürgen & Koch, Christopher, 2021. "Determinants and consequences of auditor dyad formation at the top level of audit teams," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).

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