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Product line pricing in a vertically differentiated oligopoly

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  • George Deltas
  • Thanasis Stengos
  • Eleftherios Zacharias

Abstract

This paper examines the joint pricing decision of products in a firm’s product line. When products are distinguished by a vertical characteristic, those with higher values of that characteristic will command higher prices. We investigate whether, holding the value of the characteristic constant, there is an additional price premium for products on the industry and/or the firm frontier, that is, for the products with the highest value of the characteristic in the market or in a firm’s product line. We also investigate the existence of price premia for lower‐ranked products and other product line pricing questions. Using personal computer price data, we show that prices decline with the distance from the industry and firm frontiers, even after holding absolute quality constant. We find evidence that consumer tastes for brands is stronger for the consumers of frontier products (and thus competition between firms weaker in the top end of the market). There is also evidence that a product’s price is higher if a firm offers products with the immediately faster and immediately slower computer chip (holding the total number of a firm’s offerings constant), possibly as an attempt to reduce cannibalization. Finally, a product’s price declines with the time it is offered by a firm, suggesting intertemporal price discrimination. Ce mémoire examine la décision conjointe de tarification des produits dans la ligne de produits d’une firme. Quand les produits se distinguent par une caractéristique verticale, ceux qui ont de plus grandes valeurs pour cette caractéristique commanderont de plus forts prix. On se demande si, gardant la valeur de cette caractéristique constante, il y a une prime additionnelle des prix pour les produits de l’industrie ou pour les produits de pointe de la firme (i.e., les produits avec la plus haute valeur de cette caractéristique dans le marché ou dans la ligne de produits de la firme). On examine aussi s’il existe une prime de prix pour les produits qui se classent moins bien ou d’autres questions sur la tarification des lignes de produits. En utilisant des données de prix pour les ordinateurs personnels, on montre que les prix chutent à mesure qu’on s’éloigne de la frontière des produits de pointe pour l’industrie et la firme, même si on garde la qualité absolue constante. Les résultats montrent que le goût des consommateurs pour les marques est plus fort pour les consommateurs des produits de pointe (et que la concurrence entre firmes est plus faible dans cette section du marché). On montre aussi que le prix d’un produit est plus élevé si une firme offre des produits avec une puce juste plus rapide et plus lente (tout en gardant le nombre total de produits de la firme constant) possiblement dans un effort pour réduire la cannibalisation. Enfin, le prix d’un produit décline à proportion que la période de temps où il est offert par une firme s’allonge, ce qui suggère qu’il y a discrimination intertemporelle par les prix.

Suggested Citation

  • George Deltas & Thanasis Stengos & Eleftherios Zacharias, 2011. "Product line pricing in a vertically differentiated oligopoly," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(3), pages 907-929, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:44:y:2011:i:3:p:907-929
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5982.2011.01660.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Tommaso Ciarli & Andre' Lorentz & Maria Savona & Marco Valente, 2012. "The role of technology, organisation, and demand in growth and income distribution," LEM Papers Series 2012/06, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
    2. George Deltas & Eleftherios Zacharias, 2018. "Product Proliferation and Pricing in a Market with Positional Effects," Working Papers 242312853, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department.
    3. Silvio Sticher, 2013. "Competitive Market Segmentation," Diskussionsschriften dp1313, Universitaet Bern, Departement Volkswirtschaft.
    4. Evdokia Dritsa & Eleftherios Zacharias, 2012. "Price Competition in a Duopoly Characterized by Positional Effects," Working Papers 12-21, NET Institute.
    5. Ciarli, Tommaso & Valente, Marco, 2016. "The complex interactions between economic growth and market concentration in a model of structural change," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 38-54.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
    • D43 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
    • L63 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Microelectronics; Computers; Communications Equipment

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