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On accurate and provably efficient GARCH option pricing algorithms

Author

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  • Yuh-Dauh Lyuu
  • Chi-Ning Wu

Abstract

The GARCH model has been very successful in capturing the serial correlation of asset return volatilities. As a result, applying the model to options pricing attracts a lot of attention. However, previous tree-based GARCH option pricing algorithms suffer from exponential running time, a cut-off maturity, inaccuracy, or some combination thereof. Specifically, this paper proves that the popular trinomial-tree option pricing algorithms of Ritchken and Trevor (Ritchken, P. and Trevor, R., Pricing options under generalized GARCH and stochastic volatility processes. J. Finance, 1999, 54(1), 377-402.) and Cakici and Topyan (Cakici, N. and Topyan, K., The GARCH option pricing model: a lattice approach. J. Comput. Finance, 2000, 3(4), 71-85.) explode exponentially when the number of partitions per day, n, exceeds a threshold determined by the GARCH parameters. Furthermore, when explosion happens, the tree cannot grow beyond a certain maturity date, making it unable to price derivatives with a longer maturity. As a result, the algorithms must be limited to using small n, which may have accuracy problems. The paper presents an alternative trinomial-tree GARCH option pricing algorithm. This algorithm provably does not have the short-maturity problem. Furthermore, the tree-size growth is guaranteed to be quadratic if n is less than a threshold easily determined by the model parameters. This level of efficiency makes the proposed algorithm practical. The surprising finding for the first time places a tree-based GARCH option pricing algorithm in the same complexity class as binomial trees under the Black-Scholes model. Extensive numerical evaluation is conducted to confirm the analytical results and the numerical accuracy of the proposed algorithm. Of independent interest is a simple and efficient technique to calculate the transition probabilities of a multinomial tree using generating functions.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuh-Dauh Lyuu & Chi-Ning Wu, 2005. "On accurate and provably efficient GARCH option pricing algorithms," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 5(2), pages 181-198.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:quantf:v:5:y:2005:i:2:p:181-198
    DOI: 10.1080/14697680500040157
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Michèle Breton & Javier de Frutos, 2010. "Option Pricing Under GARCH Processes Using PDE Methods," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(4-part-2), pages 1148-1157, August.
    3. Javier de Frutos & Victor Gaton, 2017. "Chebyshev Reduced Basis Function applied to Option Valuation," Papers 1701.01429, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2017.
    4. Huang, Hung-Hsi & Lin, Shin-Hung & Wang, Chiu-Ping, 2019. "Reasonable evaluation of VIX options for the Taiwan stock index," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 111-130.
    5. Javier Frutos & Víctor Gatón, 2017. "Chebyshev reduced basis function applied to option valuation," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 14(4), pages 465-491, October.
    6. Hatem Ben-Ameur & Michèle Breton & Juan-Manuel Martinez, 2009. "Dynamic Programming Approach for Valuing Options in the GARCH Model," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 55(2), pages 252-266, February.
    7. Yuh‐Dauh Lyuu & Yu‐Quan Zhang, 2023. "Pricing multiasset time‐varying double‐barrier options with time‐dependent parameters," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(3), pages 404-434, March.

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