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Foreign Trade of Manufactures and Men and Women's Employment and Earnings in Germany and Japan

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  • David Kucera

Abstract

Using factor content analysis, this paper provides estimates of the effects of manufacturing trade expansion on men and women's employment in Germany and Japan, with breakdowns by world, OECD, and non-OECD trade. Evidence is found that foreign trade expansion had a more negative effect on women's than men's manufacturing employment in Japan and a roughly equal effect in Germany, with the difference between the countries driven by non-OECD trade. In spite of this, demand shifted away from women's manufacturing employment in Germany after the early-1970s, for both the manufacturing sector as a whole and for manufacturing industries with high female shares of employment, while no such labor demand shifts occurred in Japan. In the face of these differences in labor demand and of very similar increases in female labor supply, male-female hourly wage differences narrowed in Germany and widened in Japan, for both manufacturing and non-agricultural employees. It is concluded that shifts in neither labor supply nor labor demand fit with observed trends of male-female wage differences in Germany and Japan.

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  • David Kucera, 2001. "Foreign Trade of Manufactures and Men and Women's Employment and Earnings in Germany and Japan," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(2), pages 129-149.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:irapec:v:15:y:2001:i:2:p:129-149
    DOI: 10.1080/02692170151136998
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    Cited by:

    1. Pradhan, Jaya Prakash, 2005. "How Do Trade, Foreign Investment, and Technology Affect Employment Patterns in Organized Indian Manufacturing?," MPRA Paper 19010, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Mina Baliamoune-Lutz, 2020. "Trade and Women’s Wage Employment," Research papers & Policy papers 1908, Policy Center for the New South.
    3. Ebru Kongar, 2005. "Importing Equality or Exporting Jobs?: Competition and Gender Wage and Employment Differentials in U.S. Manufacturing," Working Paper Series, Department of Economics, University of Utah 2005_13, University of Utah, Department of Economics.
    4. Yüksel OKÞAK & Jülide YALÇINKAYA KOYUNCU, 2017. "Does globalization affect female labor force participation: Panel evidence," Journal of Economics Bibliography, KSP Journals, vol. 4(4), pages 381-387, December.
    5. Connolly, Laura, 2022. "The effects of a trade shock on gender-specific labor market outcomes in Brazil," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    6. Thorin, Maria, 2003. "The gender dimension of economic globalization: an annotated bibliography," Manuales 5593, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).

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