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Effects of food prices on poverty: The case of Paraguay, a food exporter and a non-fully urbanized country

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Listed:
  • Lugo, María Ana

    (The World Bank)

  • Garriga, Santiago

    (Paris School of Economics)

  • Puig, Jorge

    (Center for Distributive, Labor and Social Studies (CEDLAS), University of La Plata (UNLP))

Abstract

Agriculture in Paraguay plays a key role in economic development and economic growth. Fluctuations in commodity prices have been added to the inherent sector’s volatility linked to climate conditions. Since a vast share of households in developing countries like Paraguay are both consumers and producers of food the welfare effects of commodity prices fluctuations are not obvious: higher prices hurt consumption but benefit production. In this paper we simulate the welfare effects of a potential hike in food prices. We use the traditional agricultural model, households’ survey data and monthly price data for 127 food items. Our main results suggest that the expenditure effect is negative and regressive for all households, but larger in rural than urban areas. The income effect is positive and progressive in rural areas and negligible in urban ones. Therefore, we find that the potential overall impact of a potential increase in food prices in Paraguay has a very flat U-shaped curve effect. We conclude with a policy response simulation in order to help those affected by the initial increase in food prices.

Suggested Citation

  • Lugo, María Ana & Garriga, Santiago & Puig, Jorge, 2022. "Effects of food prices on poverty: The case of Paraguay, a food exporter and a non-fully urbanized country," Revista Latinoamericana de Desarrollo Economico, Carrera de Economía de la Universidad Católica Boliviana (UCB) "San Pablo", issue 37, pages 7-43, Mayo.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:revlde:1998
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Food prices; distribution; poverty; policy response; Paraguay;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
    • Q12 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets

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