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Intermédiation financière et croissance économique : une approche basée sur le concept d’efficacité-X appliquée à la zone UEMOA

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  • Igue, Charlemagne Babatoundé

    (Université d’Abomey-Calavi)

Abstract

Financial Intermediation and Economic Growth: An Approach Based on the X-efficiency Concept Applied to the WAEMU Area. This paper explores the connection between financial intermediation efficiency and economic growth on a panel of seven countries of WAEMU from 1990 to 2008. First, a theoretical model is presented in which financial efficiency enhances economic growth by means of increasing the marginal productivity of capital. Next, the banking sector efficiency is apprehended by the X-efficiency concept of Leibenstein (1966). Banking efficiency scores are estimated with Data Envelopment Analysis method, applied to banking production model on a sample of banks of the WAEMU. Finally, average scores of banking efficiency by country are calculated and used as indicator of financial intermediation efficiency in a growth model on panel data. Results suggest the existence of a positive impact of the banking sector efficiency on the economic growth. Résumé – Cet article étudie le lien entre l’efficacité de l’intermédiation financière et la croissance économique sur un panel de sept pays de l’UEMOA** sur la période 1990-2008. Tout d’abord, un modèle théorique est présenté dans lequel l’efficacité de l’intermédiation bancaire renforce la croissance économique par le biais de l’amélioration de la productivité marginale du capital. Ensuite, l’efficacité du secteur bancaire est étudiée par le concept d’efficacité-X de Leibenstein (1966). Les scores d’efficacité bancaire sont estimés par la méthode DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), appliquée à un modèle de production bancaire sur un échantillon de banques de l’UEMOA. Finalement, les scores moyens d’efficacité bancaire par pays sont calculés et utilisés comme indicateur de l’efficacité de l’intermédiation financière dans un modèle de croissance sur données de panel. Les résultats suggèrent l’existence d’une influence positive et significative de l’efficacité du secteur bancaire sur la croissance économique.

Suggested Citation

  • Igue, Charlemagne Babatoundé, 2013. "Intermédiation financière et croissance économique : une approche basée sur le concept d’efficacité-X appliquée à la zone UEMOA," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 89(1), pages 7-37, Mars.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:0083
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