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Politique technologique et intégration mondiale

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  • Olivier Gaussens
  • Sophie Lecostey

Abstract

[eng] Technology policy and world integration. . The present paper analyses a case of loss of welfare due to the world market integration in the presence of scale economies and external economies. This situation arises when the countries implement technology policies in a simultaneous and non cooperative pattern. The technology policies induce external economies and have rational foundations even when free trade is assumed. The loss of welfare is explained by the excessive loss of firms in the larger country following upon increasing competition. Then the larger country is driven to move towards a trade policy. The import quotas, for example, provides an intermediate solution between self-sufficiency and free trade. [fre] Politique technologique et intégration mondiale. . Cet article traite de la possibilité de perte de bien-être national (réduit au surplus des consommateurs) consécutive à la libéralisation des échanges. S'il est reconnu qu'en présence d'économies d'échelle dans un contexte de concurrence imparfaite, la libéralisation des échanges profite à tous les pays grâce à l'élargis­sement des marchés, il est possible que l'intensification de la concurrence se traduise par une perte excessive de firmes dans certains pays. C'est le cas notamment lorsque les pays adoptent, de façon simultanée et non coopérative, des politiques technologiques qui induisent des effets externes alors même que le choix de ces politiques est optimal dans un cadre de libre-échange. Le recours à une politique commerciale est alors fondé et il est vraisemblable qu'on obtienne une solution intermédiaire entre le libre-échange pur et l'autarcie grâce notamment à l'instauration de quotas à l'importation.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Gaussens & Sophie Lecostey, 1994. "Politique technologique et intégration mondiale," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 45(3), pages 459-474.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1994_num_45_3_409538
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Krugman, Paul, 1980. "Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 70(5), pages 950-959, December.
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    5. Shaked, Avner & Sutton, John, 1983. "Natural Oligopolies," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 51(5), pages 1469-1483, September.
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