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Credit Disintermediation and Monetary Policy

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  • Nicolas Crouzet

    (Northwestern University)

Abstract

Since the early 1990s, the share of loans in total debt of US firms appears to have declined. This paper explores the implications of this trend toward “disintermediation” for the transmission of monetary policy shocks. Empirically, investment among firms with high loan shares is significantly more responsive to monetary policy shocks. Moreover, this pass-through has declined since the early 1990s, when disintermediation started. A model where firms choose debt structure by trading off the flexibility of loans against the lower cost of bonds can account for the higher sensitivity of more bank-dependent firms to monetary shocks. In this model, disintermediation also leads to a decline in the overall pass-through of monetary shocks to investment.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicolas Crouzet, 2021. "Credit Disintermediation and Monetary Policy," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 69(1), pages 23-89, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:imfecr:v:69:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1057_s41308-020-00131-3
    DOI: 10.1057/s41308-020-00131-3
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    3. Sebastian Infante & Kyungmin Kim & Anna Orlik & André F. Silva & Robert J. Tetlow, 2022. "The Macroeconomic Implications of CBDC: A Review of the Literature," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2022-076, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    4. Nina Boyarchenko & Giovanni Favara & Moritz Schularick, 2022. "Financial Stability Considerations for Monetary Policy: Empirical Evidence and Challenges," Staff Reports 1003, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    5. Steve BILLON & Natalia ANDRIES, 2023. "Deposit insurance pricing and monetary policy transmission," Working Papers of LaRGE Research Center 2023-03, Laboratoire de Recherche en Gestion et Economie (LaRGE), Université de Strasbourg.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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