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Effect of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) Measures on Active Living and Fear of Crime

Author

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  • Jae Seung Lee

    (Department of Urban Design and Planning, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-791, Korea)

  • Sungjin Park

    (Department of Urban Design and Planning, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-791, Korea)

  • Sanghoon Jung

    (Department of Urban Planning, Gachon University, Seongnamdaero 1342, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, Korea)

Abstract

Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) has become a popular urban planning approach to preventing crime and mitigating fear of crime through the improvement of physical neighborhood environments. CPTED is widely used to improve deteriorated neighborhoods that suffer from crime. However, few studies have empirically examined the complex relationships among CPTED, fear of crime, and active living. Our study, therefore, investigated the effects of CPTED measures on walking frequency and fear of crime, analyzing behavioral data of residents living in participatory neighborhood regeneration areas and matched neighborhoods. We analyzed survey data from 12 neighborhoods that implemented CPTED approaches and 12 matched neighborhoods in Seoul, Korea, using structural equation modeling, which could consistently estimate complex direct and indirect relationships between a latent variable (fear of crime) and observable variables (CPTED measures and walking frequency). We designed the survey instrument as a smartphone app. Participants were recruited from 102 locations within the 24 selected neighborhoods; in total, 623 individuals returned surveys. The results revealed that sufficient closed-circuit television, street lighting, and maintenance played a significant role in mitigating fear of crime. This study has implications for planning and policy issues related to CPTED, mental health, and active living.

Suggested Citation

  • Jae Seung Lee & Sungjin Park & Sanghoon Jung, 2016. "Effect of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) Measures on Active Living and Fear of Crime," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:8:y:2016:i:9:p:872-:d:77045
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mateja Mihinjac & Gregory Saville, 2019. "Third-Generation Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Kinga Kimic & Paulina Polko, 2022. "The Use of Urban Parks by Older Adults in the Context of Perceived Security," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-20, March.
    3. Fengrui Jing & Lin Liu & Suhong Zhou & Guangwen Song, 2020. "Examining the Relationship between Hukou Status, Perceived Neighborhood Conditions, and Fear of Crime in Guangzhou, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-19, November.
    4. Su Jin Kang & Wonseok Seo, 2020. "The Effects of Multilayered Disorder Characteristics on Fear of Crime in Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-22, December.
    5. Sam J. Cole, 2019. "Social and Physical Neighbourhood Effects and Crime: Bringing Domains Together Through Collective Efficacy Theory," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-18, May.
    6. Younjoo Cho & Hwajin Jeong & Anseop Choi & Minki Sung, 2019. "Design of a Connected Security Lighting System for Pedestrian Safety in Smart Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-11, March.
    7. Romina Fucà & Serena Cubico & Giuseppe Favretto & João Leitão, 2019. "The “Local Town Market Area” in Enna, Sicily: Using the Psychology of Sustainability to Propose Sustainable and Developmental Policies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-21, January.
    8. Paul Emile Tchinda & Seung-Nam Kim, 2020. "The Paradox of “Eyes on the Street”: Pedestrian Density and Fear of Crime in Yaoundé, Cameroon," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-16, June.
    9. Chong Peng & Weizeng Sun & Xi Zhang, 2022. "Crime under the Light? Examining the Effects of Nighttime Lighting on Crime in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, December.

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