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Urban Food Sources and the Challenges of Food Availability According to the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines Recommendations

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  • Camila Aparecida Borges

    (Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenue. Dr. Arnaldo 715, 01246-904 São Paulo-SP, Brazil)

  • William Cabral-Miranda

    (Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Human Scienc-es, University of São Paulo, Street do Lago 717, 05508-900 São Paulo-SP, Brazil)

  • Patricia Constante Jaime

    (Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenue. Dr. Arnaldo 715, 01246-904 São Paulo-SP, Brazil)

Abstract

The study investigated availability and food sources in urban areas using elements of the NOVA food classification system, adopted by the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines, in a Brazilian municipality. In addition, the study also aimed to identify inequalities in the geographical distribution of food retailers that commercialize healthy and/or unhealthy foods. This cross-sectional study was performed in the municipality of Jundiai in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Data from within-store audit and geographic data were used to characterizing the nutrition community environment. The mean was calculated for food items available in each of the four NOVA groups for each audited food retailer. The mean of food items available in each of the four NOVA groups for each audited food retail were calculated. The density and proportion of different types of food retailers were georeferenced. The supermarkets, medium market stores, and grocery stores presented the highest availability of unprocessed foods as well as ultra-processed foods. Establishments that sold primarily unprocessed foods and included a fruits and vegetables section at the entrance of the store had a greater availability of healthy foods, but their density in the territory was low compared to establishments that prioritized the sale of ultra-processed foods and sold ultra-processed foods in the checkout area. Especially in middle- and low-income areas, the concentration of food retailers with priority sale of ultra-processed products is reaches 22 times higher than the sale of unprocessed or minimally processed foods. The study supported the identification of regions where it was necessary to improve access to equipment that marketed unprocessed foods as a priority.

Suggested Citation

  • Camila Aparecida Borges & William Cabral-Miranda & Patricia Constante Jaime, 2018. "Urban Food Sources and the Challenges of Food Availability According to the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines Recommendations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:12:p:4643-:d:188480
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