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Development of a Method to Locate Deserts and Food Swamps Following the Experience of a Region in Quebec, Canada

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  • Éric Robitaille

    (Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada
    Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada)

  • Marie-Claude Paquette

    (Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Montréal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada
    Department of Nutrition, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada)

Abstract

Unhealthy eating and food insecurity are recognized risk factors for chronic diseases. Collective and environmental factors, such as geographic access to food condition food choices. The objective of this study was to map food deserts and food swamps in Gaspesie, a region of Quebec (Canada), using geographical information systems (GIS) and field validation. Eleven sectors (5 rural and 6 urban) where 5% of the Gaspesie population lives were considered food deserts. Eight sectors (all rural) constituting 4.5% of the population were considered food swamps. Nearly 88% (3/8) of food swamps were located in disadvantaged and very disadvantaged areas. The Gaspesie region is already actively involved in changing environments to make them conducive to healthy eating for all. The mapping of food deserts can support intersectoral collaboration on food security. Food swamp mapping will make it possible to more accurately characterize the existing food environment in the region. Both indicators will be useful in raising awareness and mobilizing partners for a comprehensive strategy to improve the food environment that is not only based on the food desert indicator alone but also takes into account the presence of food swamps.

Suggested Citation

  • Éric Robitaille & Marie-Claude Paquette, 2020. "Development of a Method to Locate Deserts and Food Swamps Following the Experience of a Region in Quebec, Canada," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-14, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:10:p:3359-:d:357062
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    1. Ana Luisa Reyes-Puente & Dalia Guadalupe Peña-Portilla & Sofía Alcalá-Reyes & Laura Rodríguez-Bustos & Juan Manuel Núñez, 2022. "Changes in Food Environment Patterns in the Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Mexico, 2010–2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Vincent Smets & Jeroen Cant & Stefanie Vandevijvere, 2022. "The Changing Landscape of Food Deserts and Swamps over More than a Decade in Flanders, Belgium," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-19, October.
    3. Dorceta E. Taylor & Katherine Allison & Tevin Hamilton & Ashley Bell, 2023. "Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Food Access in Two Predominantly White Cities: The Case of Lansing, East Lansing, and Surrounding Townships in Michigan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-49, October.

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