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Linkages between Energy Delivery and Economic Growth from the Point of View of Sustainable Development and Seaports

Author

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  • Elżbieta Szaruga

    (Department of Transport Management, Institute of Management, University of Szczecin, 71-004 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Zuzanna Kłos-Adamkiewicz

    (Department of Transport Management, Institute of Management, University of Szczecin, 71-004 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Agnieszka Gozdek

    (Department of Transport Management, Institute of Management, University of Szczecin, 71-004 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Elżbieta Załoga

    (Department of Transport Management, Institute of Management, University of Szczecin, 71-004 Szczecin, Poland)

Abstract

This paper presents the synchronisation of economic cycles of GDP and crude oil and oil products cargo volumes in major Polish seaports. On the one hand, this issue fits into the concept of sustainable development including decoupling; on the other hand, the synchronisation may be an early warning tool. Crude oil and oil products cargo volumes are a specific barometer that predicts the next economic cycle, especially as they are primary sources of energy production. The research study applies a number of TRAMO/SEATS methods, the Hodrick–Prescott filter, spectral analysis, correlation and cross-correlation function. Noteworthy is the modern approach of using synchronisation of economic cycles as a tool, which was described in the paper. According to the study results, the cyclical components of the cargo traffic and GDP were affected by the leakage of other short-term cycles. However, based on the cross-correlation, it was proved that changes in crude oil and oil products cargo volumes preceded changes in GDP by 1–3 quarters, which may be valuable information for decision-makers and economic development planners.

Suggested Citation

  • Elżbieta Szaruga & Zuzanna Kłos-Adamkiewicz & Agnieszka Gozdek & Elżbieta Załoga, 2021. "Linkages between Energy Delivery and Economic Growth from the Point of View of Sustainable Development and Seaports," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-61, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:14:p:4255-:d:594370
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    Cited by:

    1. Elżbieta Szaruga & Elżbieta Załoga, 2022. "Environmental Management from the Point of View of the Energy Intensity of Road Freight Transport and Shocks," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Seyed Mehrzad Asaad Sajadi & Pouya Khodaee & Ehsan Hajizadeh & Sabri Farhadi & Sohaib Dastgoshade & Bo Du, 2022. "Deep Learning-Based Methods for Forecasting Brent Crude Oil Return Considering COVID-19 Pandemic Effect," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-23, October.
    3. Alaa Othman & Sara El-gazzar & Matjaz Knez, 2022. "A Framework for Adopting a Sustainable Smart Sea Port Index," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-26, April.
    4. Elżbieta Szaruga & Elżbieta Załoga, 2022. "Qualitative–Quantitative Warning Modeling of Energy Consumption Processes in Inland Waterway Freight Transport on River Sections for Environmental Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, June.
    5. Małgorzata Rutkowska & Paweł Bartoszczuk & Uma Shankar Singh, 2021. "Management of Green Consumer Values in Renewable Energy Sources and Eco Innovation in India," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, October.
    6. Uma Shankar Singh & Małgorzata Rutkowska & Paweł Bartoszczuk, 2022. "Renewable Energy Decision Criteria on Green Consumer Values Comparing Poland and India Aligned with Environment Policy for Sustainable Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-26, July.
    7. Zuzanna Kłos-Adamkiewicz & Elżbieta Szaruga & Agnieszka Gozdek & Magdalena Kogut-Jaworska, 2023. "Links between the Energy Intensity of Public Urban Transport, Regional Economic Growth and Urbanisation: The Case of Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-25, April.
    8. Elżbieta Szaruga & Elżbieta Załoga, 2022. "Sustainable Development Programming of Airports by Identification of Non-Efficient Units," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, January.
    9. Adam Przybyłowski & Agnieszka Kałaska & Piotr Przybyłowski, 2022. "Quest for a Tool Measuring Urban Quality of Life: ISO 37120 Standard Sustainable Development Indicators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-17, April.
    10. Małgorzata Łatuszyńska & Kesra Nermend, 2022. "Energy Decision Making: Problems, Methods, and Tools—An Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-5, July.

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