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Electric Vehicles as Flexibility Management Strategy for the Electricity System—A Comparison between Different Regions of Europe

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Taljegard

    (Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Lisa Göransson

    (Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Mikael Odenberger

    (Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Filip Johnsson

    (Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden)

Abstract

This study considers whether electric vehicles (EVs) can be exploited as a flexibility management strategy to stimulate investments in and operation of renewable electricity under stringent CO 2 constraints in four regions with different conditions for renewable electricity (Sweden, Germany, the UK, and Spain). The study applies a cost-minimisation investment model and an electricity dispatch model of the European electricity system, assuming three types of charging strategies for EVs. The results show that vehicle-to-grid (V2G), i.e., the possibility to discharging the EV batteries back to grid, facilitates an increase in investments and generation from solar photovoltaics (PVs) compare to the scenario without EVs, in all regions except Sweden. Without the possibility to store electricity in EV batteries across different days, which is a technical limitation of this type of model, EVs increase the share of wind power by only a few percentage points in Sweden, even if Sweden is a region with good conditions for wind power. Full electrification of the road transport sector, including also dynamic power transfer for trucks and buses, would decrease the need for investments in peak power in all four regions by at least 50%, as compared to a scenario without EVs or with uncontrolled charging of EVs, provided that an optimal charging strategy and V2G are implemented for the passenger vehicles.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Taljegard & Lisa Göransson & Mikael Odenberger & Filip Johnsson, 2019. "Electric Vehicles as Flexibility Management Strategy for the Electricity System—A Comparison between Different Regions of Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-19, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:13:p:2597-:d:246084
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Göransson, Lisa & Karlsson, Sten & Johnsson, Filip, 2010. "Integration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in a regional wind-thermal power system," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(10), pages 5482-5492, October.
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    6. Taljegard, M. & Göransson, L. & Odenberger, M. & Johnsson, F., 2019. "Impacts of electric vehicles on the electricity generation portfolio – A Scandinavian-German case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 1637-1650.
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    13. Göransson, Lisa & Goop, Joel & Unger, Thomas & Odenberger, Mikael & Johnsson, Filip, 2014. "Linkages between demand-side management and congestion in the European electricity transmission system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 860-872.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Beiron, Johanna & Montañés, Rubén M. & Normann, Fredrik & Johnsson, Filip, 2020. "Combined heat and power operational modes for increased product flexibility in a waste incineration plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    2. Heinisch, Verena & Göransson, Lisa & Erlandsson, Rasmus & Hodel, Henrik & Johnsson, Filip & Odenberger, Mikael, 2021. "Smart electric vehicle charging strategies for sectoral coupling in a city energy system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    3. Hartvigsson, Elias & Taljegard, Maria & Odenberger, Mikael & Chen, Peiyuan, 2022. "A large-scale high-resolution geographic analysis of impacts of electric vehicle charging on low-voltage grids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    4. Henning Meschede & Paul Bertheau & Siavash Khalili & Christian Breyer, 2022. "A review of 100% renewable energy scenarios on islands," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(6), November.
    5. ElSayed, Mai & Aghahosseini, Arman & Breyer, Christian, 2023. "High cost of slow energy transitions for emerging countries: On the case of Egypt's pathway options," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 107-126.
    6. Connor Scott & Mominul Ahsan & Alhussein Albarbar, 2021. "Machine Learning Based Vehicle to Grid Strategy for Improving the Energy Performance of Public Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-22, April.
    7. Paweł Ziemba, 2020. "Multi-Criteria Stochastic Selection of Electric Vehicles for the Sustainable Development of Local Government and State Administration Units in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-19, November.
    8. Beiron, Johanna & Montañés, Rubén M. & Normann, Fredrik & Johnsson, Filip, 2020. "Flexible operation of a combined cycle cogeneration plant – A techno-economic assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    9. Kan, Xiaoming & Reichenberg, Lina & Hedenus, Fredrik, 2021. "The impacts of the electricity demand pattern on electricity system cost and the electricity supply mix: A comprehensive modeling analysis for Europe," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).

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