IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ers/journl/vxxiiiy2020ispecial2p606-621.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Public Aid for Relieving the Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Listed:
  • Anna Spoz
  • Grzegorz Kotlinski
  • Anna Mizak
  • Helena Zukowska

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the article is to show the direction and size of public aid intended to relieve the effects of the pandemic in Poland. Design/Methodology/Approach: Based on the macroeconomic indicators, the authors present economic effects of the pandemic in order to justify the purposefulness of the granted public aid, and describe its direction and scope at EU level and in relation to Poland. The final part of the study comprises an analysis of the potential outcome of public aid and recommendations regarding future activity. Findings: The article shows the role and importance of public aid in relieving the effects of economic crises. The authors point out the impact of public aid on the behaviour of enterprises and private households, as well as on the overall condition of public finances. Practical Implications: Public aid in Poland has been directed both to businesses and to households in order to counteract the negative effects of the pandemic. The authors show that despite the undertaken steps, during the period under study the rate of cuts both for enterprises and private households was growing, while for companies the rate of investment was decreasing. In addition, the state revenue generated from taxation decreased, whereas budget expenditure went up. These dependencies constitute an important implication for decision-makers in relation to the size and form of public aid, both already granted and planned in the future. Originality/value: The economic crisis caused by the current pandemic is unprecedented in terms of its reasons as well as the pace and effects of its spreading. This study fills a gap in the subject literature by showing the mechanism of the crisis, the value and scope of public aid employed to relieve its effects, and also the impact of the undertaken initiatives on the behaviour of businesses and households.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Spoz & Grzegorz Kotlinski & Anna Mizak & Helena Zukowska, 2020. "Public Aid for Relieving the Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 2), pages 606-621.
    • Handle: RePEc:ers:journl:v:xxiii:y:2020:i:special2:p:606-621
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.ersj.eu/journal/1844/download
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. N. Gregory Mankiw, 1985. "Small Menu Costs and Large Business Cycles: A Macroeconomic Model of Monopoly," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 100(2), pages 529-538.
    2. Azra Hadziahmetovic & Jasmin Halebic & Nerma Colakovic–Prguda, 2018. "Economic Crisis: Challenge For Economic Theory And Policy," Eurasian Journal of Economics and Finance, Eurasian Publications, vol. 6(4), pages 48-55.
    3. Minford, Patrick & Peel, David, 1982. "The political theory of the business cycle," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 253-270.
    4. Fama, Eugene F, 1970. "Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 25(2), pages 383-417, May.
    5. N. Gregory Mankiw, 1993. "Symposium on Keynesian Economics Today," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 7(1), pages 3-4, Winter.
    6. Kydland, Finn E & Prescott, Edward C, 1982. "Time to Build and Aggregate Fluctuations," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(6), pages 1345-1370, November.
    7. Asma Arif & Mujahid Hussain, 2018. "The Role of Governance and Political institutions for Budget Deficit for Low and High Income Countries: A Panel Data Analysis," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 3), pages 357-366.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Arkadiusz Gorski, 2021. "Managing Support for Entrepreneurs during a Pandemic: The Problem of Proper Selection of Those in Need," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(2B), pages 52-61.
    2. Joanna Duda & Anna Wolak-Tuzimek & Lukasz Wojtowicz, 2021. "Competition Instruments Applied by Large Enterprises during the Crisis Triggered by the COVID-19 Pandemic," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(2), pages 139-151.
    3. Kamila Urbanska & Agnieszka Parkitna & Joanna Kubicka, 2021. "Success of SMEs in the Era of Pandemics," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(2), pages 407-423.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yuli Radev, 2015. "New dynamic disequilibrium," Economic Thought journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 6, pages 65-90.
    2. Adnan Haider Bukhari & Safdar Ullah Khan, 2008. "A Small Open Economy DSGE Model for Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 47(4), pages 963-1008.
    3. J.P.G. Reijnders, 2007. "Impulse or propagation? How the tides turned in Business Cycle Theory," Working Papers 07-07, Utrecht School of Economics.
    4. Pierre Fortin, 2003. "Keynes resurrected," Cahiers de recherche du Département des sciences économiques, UQAM 20-21, Université du Québec à Montréal, Département des sciences économiques.
    5. Bruce McGough & Andrew J. Plantinga & Bill Provencher, 2004. "The Dynamic Behavior of Efficient Timber Prices," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 80(1), pages 95-108.
    6. Kochaniak, Katarzyna & Ulman, Paweł & Zajkowski, Robert, 2023. "Effectiveness of COVID-19 state aid for microenterprises in Poland," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 483-497.
    7. John H. Cochrane, 2017. "Macro-Finance," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 21(3), pages 945-985.
    8. Adnan Haider & Musleh ud Din & Ejaz Ghani, 2012. "Monetary Policy, Informality and Business Cycle Fluctuations in a Developing Economy Vulnerable to External Shocks," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 51(4), pages 609-681.
    9. Lu Zhang, 2019. "Q-factors and Investment CAPM," NBER Working Papers 26538, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Slanicay Martin, 2014. "Some Notes on Historical, Theoretical, and Empirical Background of DSGE Models," Review of Economic Perspectives, Sciendo, vol. 14(2), pages 1-20, June.
    11. N. Gregory Mankiw, 2008. "Makroekonomista jako naukowiec i inżynier," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 4, pages 85-106.
    12. Rómulo A. Chumacero & Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel, 2005. "General Equilibrium Models: An Overview," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Rómulo A. Chumacero & Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel & Norman Loayza (Series Editor) & Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel (S (ed.),General Equilibrium Models for the Chilean Economy, edition 1, volume 9, chapter 1, pages 001-027, Central Bank of Chile.
    13. Finn E. Kydland & Scott Freeman, 2000. "Monetary Aggregates and Output," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 90(5), pages 1125-1135, December.
    14. Myers, Robert J. & Oehmke, James F., 1987. "Instability and Risk as Rationales for Government Intervention in Agriculture," Staff Paper Series 200938, Michigan State University, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics.
    15. Gomes, Orlando, 2009. "A two-dimensional non-equilibrium dynamic model," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 20(3), pages 221-238, September.
    16. Franz, Wolfgang, 1992. "Neuere makroökonomische Kontroversen," Discussion Papers, Series II 168, University of Konstanz, Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) 178 "Internationalization of the Economy".
    17. Prof. Neil D. Karunaratne, 1999. "Rival Macroeconomic Models And Australian Stylised Facts," Discussion Papers Series 261, School of Economics, University of Queensland, Australia.
    18. Naish, Howard F., 1995. "Keynesian real business cycles in a neoclassical framework," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 183-211, July.
    19. Robert E. Lucas, Jr., 2012. "EconomicDynamics Interviews Robert Lucas on Modern Macroeconomics," EconomicDynamics Newsletter, Review of Economic Dynamics, vol. 14(1), November.
    20. Jordi Galí, 2015. "Introduction," Introductory Chapters, in: Monetary Policy, Inflation, and the Business Cycle: An Introduction to the New Keynesian Framework and Its Applications Second edition, volume 1, Princeton University Press.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Public aid; economic crisis.;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ers:journl:v:xxiii:y:2020:i:special2:p:606-621. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Marios Agiomavritis (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://ersj.eu/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.