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Metrics to measure the geographic characteristics of tourism markets: An integrated approach based on Gini index decomposition

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  • Lau, Pong-Lung
  • Koo, Tay T.R.
  • Dwyer, Larry

Abstract

Compared to the metrics of tourism seasonality or tourism income distribution, metrics of tourism spatiality remains under-explored. Our principal aim is to enhance the way we measure the geographic dispersal of visitors by developing a Gini index–inspired dispersal metric. We discuss the theoretical criteria for an ideal spatial metric and use these criteria to highlight the important links and differences between Gini and the common ratio approach. Applying the methods to inbound Australian tourism data, we find that considering only one method in isolation not only increases the risk of incorrectly measuring the spatial performance of markets but also ignores interesting, and often offsetting, heterogeneous influences in the data. We expect the outcomes to aid tourism researchers and managers wanting to widen their repertoire in spatial measurement methods, and aid the choice of most appropriate method based on criteria firmly grounded in theory.

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  • Lau, Pong-Lung & Koo, Tay T.R. & Dwyer, Larry, 2017. "Metrics to measure the geographic characteristics of tourism markets: An integrated approach based on Gini index decomposition," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 171-181.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:touman:v:59:y:2017:i:c:p:171-181
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2016.07.019
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    2. Sueyoshi, Toshiyuki & Qu, Jingjing & Li, Aijun & Liu, Xiaohong, 2021. "A new approach for evaluating technology inequality and diffusion barriers: The concept of efficiency Gini coefficient and its application in Chinese provinces," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    3. Tay T. R. Koo & David Tan & David Timothy Duval, 2018. "The Effect of Levels of Air Service Availability on Inbound tourism demand from Asia to Australia," Advances in Airline Economics, in: Airline Economics in Asia, volume 7, pages 145-167, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    4. Li, Bo & Dewan, Hasnat, 2017. "Efficiency differences among China's resource-based cities and their determinants," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 31-38.
    5. Paz Rico & Bernardí Cabrer-Borrás & Francisco Morillas-Jurado, 2021. "Seasonality in Tourism: Do Senior Programs Mitigate It?," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(16), pages 1-27, August.
    6. Feng, Hongxiang & Grifoll, Manel & Yang, Zhongzhen & Zheng, Pengjun & Martin-Mallofre, Agustí, 2020. "Visualization of container throughput evolution of the Yangtze River Delta multi-port system: the ternary diagram method," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    7. Wang, Changjian & Miao, Zhuang & Chen, Xiaodong & Cheng, Yu, 2021. "Factors affecting changes of greenhouse gas emissions in Belt and Road countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    8. Hardy, Anne & Birenboim, Amit & Wells, Martha, 2020. "Using geoinformatics to assess tourist dispersal at the state level," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    9. Chenxi Li & Kening Wu & Xiangyu Gao, 2020. "Manufacturing industry agglomeration and spatial clustering: Evidence from Hebei Province, China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 2941-2965, April.
    10. Koo, Tay T.R. & Lau, Pong-Lung, 2019. "Impact of aviation on spatial distribution of tourism: An experiment," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 1-1.
    11. Hugo Padrón-Ávila & Raúl Hernández-Martín, 2019. "Preventing Overtourism by Identifying the Determinants of Tourists’ Choice of Attractions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-17, September.
    12. Rosselló, Jaume & Sansó, Andreu, 2017. "Yearly, monthly and weekly seasonality of tourism demand: A decomposition analysis," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 379-389.
    13. Koo, Tay T.R. & Hossein Rashidi, Taha & Park, Jin-Woo & Wu, Cheng-Lung & Tseng, Wen-Chun, 2017. "The effect of enhanced international air access on the demand for peripheral tourism destinations: Evidence from air itinerary choice behaviour of Korean visitors to Australia," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 116-129.

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