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Recent trends in the mass cultivation of algae in raceway ponds

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  • Kumar, Kanhaiya
  • Mishra, Sanjiv K.
  • Shrivastav, Anupama
  • Park, Min S.
  • Yang, Ji-Won

Abstract

Algal technology has potential to combat the global energy crisis, malnutrition, and production of several value added products useful for the mankind. The cost effective cultivation system is the basis to realize this goal. Microalgal production in raceway ponds seems to be most promising, especially in the large scale. Several environmental (location of the cultivation system, rainfall, solar radiation, etc.), engineering (pond depth, CO2 delivery system, methods of mixing, power consumption, etc.), and biological (light, pH, oxygen accumulation, salinity, Algal predators etc.) parameters affect the biomass productivity in the open pond system. Vertical mixing is an important criteria influencing the algal growth compared to axial mixing as it determines the frequency by which cell will travel from bottom (dark zone) to surface (light zone) of the open pond. Therefore, different research works on the various designs of raceway ponds were mostly focused towards enhancing the vertical mixing (e.g. Design of bend and surface geometry, engineering flow field, etc.) and CO2 residence time (e.g. Closed, sump, airlift driven raceway ponds etc.). The present study summarizes the current state of knowledge for the biomass production in raceway ponds.

Suggested Citation

  • Kumar, Kanhaiya & Mishra, Sanjiv K. & Shrivastav, Anupama & Park, Min S. & Yang, Ji-Won, 2015. "Recent trends in the mass cultivation of algae in raceway ponds," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 875-885.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:51:y:2015:i:c:p:875-885
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.06.033
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    3. Correa, Diego F. & Beyer, Hawthorne L. & Fargione, Joseph E. & Hill, Jason D. & Possingham, Hugh P. & Thomas-Hall, Skye R. & Schenk, Peer M., 2019. "Towards the implementation of sustainable biofuel production systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 250-263.
    4. Kumar, B. Ramesh & Mathimani, Thangavel & Sudhakar, M.P. & Rajendran, Karthik & Nizami, Abdul-Sattar & Brindhadevi, Kathirvel & Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan, 2021. "A state of the art review on the cultivation of algae for energy and other valuable products: Application, challenges, and opportunities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    5. Leman, A. & Holland, M. & Tinoco, R.O., 2018. "Identifying the dominant physical processes for mixing in full-scale raceway tanks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(PA), pages 616-628.
    6. Donghan Kang & Keug Tae Kim & Tae-Young Heo & Gyutae Kwon & Chaeseung Lim & Jungsu Park, 2019. "Inhibition of Photosynthetic Activity in Wastewater-Borne Microalgal–Bacterial Consortia under Various Light Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-13, May.
    7. Lenin C. Kandasamy & Marcos A. Neves & Mikihide Demura & Mitsutoshi Nakajima, 2021. "The Effects of Total Dissolved Carbon Dioxide on the Growth Rate, Biochemical Composition, and Biomass Productivity of Nonaxenic Microalgal Polyculture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-10, February.
    8. Li, Shuangxi & Hu, Tianyi & Xu, Yanzhe & Wang, Jingyi & Chu, Ruoyu & Yin, Zhihong & Mo, Fan & Zhu, Liandong, 2020. "A review on flocculation as an efficient method to harvest energy microalgae: Mechanisms, performances, influencing factors and perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    9. Togarcheti, Sarat Chandra & Mediboyina, Maneesh kumar & Chauhan, Vikas Singh & Mukherji, Suparna & Ravi, Sarada & Mudliar, Sandeep Narayan, 2017. "Life cycle assessment of microalgae based biodiesel production to evaluate the impact of biomass productivity and energy source," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 286-294.
    10. Fazal, Tahir & Mushtaq, Azeem & Rehman, Fahad & Ullah Khan, Asad & Rashid, Naim & Farooq, Wasif & Rehman, Muhammad Saif Ur & Xu, Jian, 2018. "Bioremediation of textile wastewater and successive biodiesel production using microalgae," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 3107-3126.
    11. Moreno-Garcia, L. & Adjallé, K. & Barnabé, S. & Raghavan, G.S.V., 2017. "Microalgae biomass production for a biorefinery system: Recent advances and the way towards sustainability," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 493-506.

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    Keywords

    Mixing; CO2 delivery; Raceway pond design;
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