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Small hydropower in China: The survey and sustainable future

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  • Kong, Yigang
  • Wang, Jie
  • Kong, Zhigang
  • Song, Furong
  • Liu, Zhiqi
  • Wei, Congmei

Abstract

Small hydropower is a green and renewable energy resource. China has very rich small hydropower resources with a total technically utilizable installed capacity of 128 gigawatts (GW). Developing small hydropower is of great importance to speed up the economic growth of rural areas and alleviate the environmental pollution in China in the 21st century. This paper provides a survey of small hydropower exploitation in China. Over the last six decades, China’s small hydropower has developed rapidly. The installed capacity of small hydropower exceeds 59.24GW at the present time. Fifteen large-scale small hydropower bases have been completed, and more bases are still under construction. The small hydropower for fuel project has been in operation. It not only provides cooking fuel for peasants, but also protects the eco-logical environment. The rural electrification construction based on small hydropower has lasted for 25 years, and 412 counties had realized rural electrification by 2010. The reasonable exploitation of small hydropower will accelerate the harmonic development of resources and the environment in China.

Suggested Citation

  • Kong, Yigang & Wang, Jie & Kong, Zhigang & Song, Furong & Liu, Zhiqi & Wei, Congmei, 2015. "Small hydropower in China: The survey and sustainable future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 425-433.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:48:y:2015:i:c:p:425-433
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.036
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    7. Pang, Mingyue & Zhang, Lixiao & Bahaj, AbuBakr S. & Xu, Kaipeng & Hao, Yan & Wang, Changbo, 2018. "Small hydropower development in Tibet: Insight from a survey in Nagqu Prefecture," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 3032-3040.
    8. Ptak, Thomas & Crootof, Arica & Harlan, Tyler & Kelly, Sarah, 2022. "Critically evaluating the purported global “boom” in small hydropower development through spatial and temporal analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
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    11. Kong, Yigang & Kong, Zhigang & Liu, Zhiqi & Wei, Congmei & An, Gaocheng, 2016. "Substituting small hydropower for fuel: The practice of China and the sustainable development," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 978-991.
    12. Zafar Alam & Yoshinobu Watanabe & Shazia Hanif & Tatsuro Sato & Tokihiko Fujimoto, 2021. "Community-Based Business on Small Hydropower (SHP) in Rural Japan: A Case Study on a Community Owned SHP Model of Ohito Agricultural Cooperative," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-14, June.
    13. Zhang, Lixiao & Pang, Mingyue & Bahaj, AbuBakr S. & Yang, Yongchuan & Wang, Changbo, 2021. "Small hydropower development in China: Growing challenges and transition strategy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    14. Zhang, Ling & Zhou, Peng & Newton, Sidney & Fang, Jian-xin & Zhou, De-qun & Zhang, Lu-ping, 2015. "Evaluating clean energy alternatives for Jiangsu, China: An improved multi-criteria decision making method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P1), pages 953-964.
    15. Li, Mingquan & Patiño-Echeverri, Dalia & Zhang, Junfeng (Jim), 2019. "Policies to promote energy efficiency and air emissions reductions in China's electric power generation sector during the 11th and 12th five-year plan periods: Achievements, remaining challenges, and ," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 429-444.
    16. Xu, Jiuping & Ni, Ting, 2017. "Integrated technological paradigm-based soft paths towards sustainable development of small hydropower," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 623-634.
    17. Wang, Yongpei & Yan, Weilong & Zhuang, Shangwen & Zhang, Qian, 2019. "Competition or complementarity ? The hydropower and thermal power nexus in China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 531-541.
    18. Huang, Xiaoxun & Hayashi, Kiichiro & Fujii, Minoru & Villa, Ferdinando & Yamazaki, Yuri & Okazawa, Hiromu, 2023. "Identification of potential locations for small hydropower plant based on resources time footprint: A case study in Dan River Basin, China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 293-304.
    19. Hennig, Thomas, 2016. "Damming the transnational Ayeyarwady basin. Hydropower and the water-energy nexus," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 1232-1246.
    20. Xiaoxia Zhang & Tonggang Zha & Yun Zhao & Jing Qin & Zhiyuan Lyv & Zhijie Ma & Haiyan Yu & Yushen Zhu & Gaomin Wang & Felix Tettenborn & Benedikt Freiherr von Lueninck, 2017. "Sustainable Effects of Small Hydropower Substituting Firewood Program in Majiang County, Guizhou Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-16, June.
    21. Katarzyna Kubiak-Wójcicka & Leszek Szczęch, 2021. "Dynamics of Electricity Production against the Backdrop of Climate Change: A Case Study of Hydropower Plants in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-24, June.

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