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Developing zero energy and sustainable villages – A case study for communities of the future

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  • Rafique, M. Mujahid
  • Rehman, S.
  • Alhems, Luai M.

Abstract

Pakistan is an agricultural country and most of its population resides in rural areas. These communities have small power demands which can easily be met through proper utilization of renewable energy technologies such as solar photovoltaic (PV). The focus of this research work is to encourage people and government to develop zero energy communities which will greatly help to achieve sustainable energy infrastructure in the country. In this paper, feasibility of a grid-connected PV power system without battery backup is conducted for the climatic conditions of a rural community located in Toba Tek Singh, Pakistan. RETScreen clean energy simulation tool is used to optimize and carry out feasibility analysis of the proposed PV system. The analysis is carried out based on project finances, fuel saving potential, energy production, capacity factor, and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The financial viability of the project is studied by comparing it with the grid electricity. The results indicate that the proposed PV power plant can provide energy in remote areas at relatively better rates as compared to grid electricity. Furthermore, this initiative will help to reduce the emissions of harmful greenhouse gases and to achieve a sustainable development in the country. A sensitivity analysis is also performed to demonstrate and elaborate the effects of government incentives on different decision variables.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafique, M. Mujahid & Rehman, S. & Alhems, Luai M., 2018. "Developing zero energy and sustainable villages – A case study for communities of the future," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 565-574.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:127:y:2018:i:c:p:565-574
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.04.087
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    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Rizwan Ali & Muhammad Shafiq & Murad Andejany, 2021. "Determinants of Consumers’ Intentions towards the Purchase of Energy Efficient Appliances in Pakistan: An Extended Model of the Theory of Planned Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-17, January.
    2. Modeste Kameni Nematchoua & José A. Orosa, 2023. "Low Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption: A Targeted Approach Based on the Life Cycle Assessment of a District," Waste, MDPI, vol. 1(3), pages 1-24, July.
    3. Hamad Hussain Shah & Piero Bareschino & Erasmo Mancusi & Francesco Pepe, 2023. "Environmental Life Cycle Analysis and Energy Payback Period Evaluation of Solar PV Systems: The Case of Pakistan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-24, September.
    4. Viktor Bukovszki & Ábel Magyari & Marina Kristina Braun & Kitti Párdi & András Reith, 2020. "Energy Modelling as a Trigger for Energy Communities: A Joint Socio-Technical Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-44, May.
    5. Chen, Xiaofei & Xiao, Jinmei & Yuan, Jiaqi & Xiao, Ziwei & Gang, Wenjie, 2021. "Application and performance analysis of 100% renewable energy systems serving low-density communities," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 433-446.
    6. Simoiu, Mircea Stefan & Fagarasan, Ioana & Ploix, Stéphane & Calofir, Vasile, 2022. "Modeling the energy community members’ willingness to change their behaviour with multi-agent systems: A stochastic approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 1233-1246.
    7. Marc Richter & Pio Lombardi & Bartlomiej Arendarski & André Naumann & Andreas Hoepfner & Przemyslaw Komarnicki & Antonio Pantaleo, 2021. "A Vision for Energy Decarbonization: Planning Sustainable Tertiary Sites as Net-Zero Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-16, September.
    8. Ashfaq, Asad & Ianakiev, Anton, 2018. "Features of fully integrated renewable energy atlas for Pakistan; wind, solar and cooling," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 14-27.

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