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The effects of the Great Migration on urban renewal

Author

Listed:
  • Shi, Ying
  • Hartley, Daniel
  • Mazumder, Bhash
  • Rajan, Aastha

Abstract

The Great Migration significantly increased the number of African American people moving to northern and western cities beginning in the first half of the twentieth century. We show that their arrival shaped “slum clearance” and urban redevelopment efforts in receiving cities. To estimate the effect of migrants, we instrument for Black population changes using a shift-share instrument that interacts historical migration patterns with local economic shocks that predict Black out-migration from the South. We find that local governments responded by undertaking more urban renewal projects that aimed to redevelop and rehabilitate “blighted” areas. More Black migrants also led to an increase in family displacement. This underscores the contribution of spatial policies such as urban renewal towards understanding the long-term consequences of the Great Migration on central cities, and Black neighborhoods and individuals.

Suggested Citation

  • Shi, Ying & Hartley, Daniel & Mazumder, Bhash & Rajan, Aastha, 2022. "The effects of the Great Migration on urban renewal," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:pubeco:v:209:y:2022:i:c:s0047272722000494
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2022.104647
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    Cited by:

    1. Cavit Baran & Eric Chyn & Bryan A. Stuart, 2022. "The Great Migration and Educational Opportunity," Upjohn Working Papers 22-367, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    2. Daniel Aaronson & Daniel Hartley & Bhashkar Mazumder & Martha Stinson, 2023. "The Long-Run Effects of the 1930s Redlining Maps on Children," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 61(3), pages 846-862, September.
    3. Mbiba, Beacon & Mupfumira, Daisy, 2022. "Rising to the occasion: Diaspora remittances to Zimbabwe during the COVID-19 pandemic," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    4. Li, Jiapeng & Zuo, Xuguang & Sun, Chuanwang, 2023. "The effect of urban renewal on residential energy consumption expenditure--the example of shantytown renovation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Great Migration; Urban renewal;

    JEL classification:

    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • N92 - Economic History - - Regional and Urban History - - - U.S.; Canada: 1913-
    • R31 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Housing Supply and Markets
    • R58 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Regional Development Planning and Policy

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