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Forecasting with a hybrid method utilizing data smoothing, a variation of the Theta method and shrinkage of seasonal factors

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  • Spiliotis, Evangelos
  • Assimakopoulos, Vassilios
  • Nikolopoulos, Konstantinos

Abstract

In this paper, we discuss how extrapolation can be advanced by using some of the most successful elements and paradigms from the forecasting literature. We propose a new hybrid method that utilises: a) the decomposition approach of the Theta method, but instead of considering a linear trend we allow for nonlinear trends, b) rather than employing the extrapolation method on the raw data, we first apply smoothing to the data, and c) when seasonality is present, we employ the shrinkage approach to the derived indices instead of simply applying classical seasonal decomposition. We empirically evaluate the new proposition in the M3-Competition data with very promising results in terms of forecast accuracy.

Suggested Citation

  • Spiliotis, Evangelos & Assimakopoulos, Vassilios & Nikolopoulos, Konstantinos, 2019. "Forecasting with a hybrid method utilizing data smoothing, a variation of the Theta method and shrinkage of seasonal factors," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 92-102.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:proeco:v:209:y:2019:i:c:p:92-102
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.01.020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    7. Kourentzes, Nikolaos & Petropoulos, Fotios & Trapero, Juan R., 2014. "Improving forecasting by estimating time series structural components across multiple frequencies," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 291-302.
    8. Ledolter, Johannes, 1989. "The effect of additive outliers on the forecasts from ARIMA models," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 5(2), pages 231-240.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sbrana, Giacomo & Silvestrini, Andrea, 2020. "Forecasting with the damped trend model using the structural approach," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    2. Sbrana, Giacomo & Silvestrini, Andrea, 2023. "The RWDAR model: A novel state-space approach to forecasting," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 39(2), pages 922-937.
    3. Petropoulos, Fotios & Apiletti, Daniele & Assimakopoulos, Vassilios & Babai, Mohamed Zied & Barrow, Devon K. & Ben Taieb, Souhaib & Bergmeir, Christoph & Bessa, Ricardo J. & Bijak, Jakub & Boylan, Joh, 2022. "Forecasting: theory and practice," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 705-871.
      • Fotios Petropoulos & Daniele Apiletti & Vassilios Assimakopoulos & Mohamed Zied Babai & Devon K. Barrow & Souhaib Ben Taieb & Christoph Bergmeir & Ricardo J. Bessa & Jakub Bijak & John E. Boylan & Jet, 2020. "Forecasting: theory and practice," Papers 2012.03854, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2022.
    4. Fotios Petropoulos & Evangelos Spiliotis, 2021. "The Wisdom of the Data: Getting the Most Out of Univariate Time Series Forecasting," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 3(3), pages 1-20, June.
    5. Spiliotis, Evangelos & Assimakopoulos, Vassilios & Makridakis, Spyros, 2020. "Generalizing the Theta method for automatic forecasting," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 284(2), pages 550-558.
    6. Spiliotis, Evangelos & Makridakis, Spyros & Kaltsounis, Anastasios & Assimakopoulos, Vassilios, 2021. "Product sales probabilistic forecasting: An empirical evaluation using the M5 competition data," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    7. Kang, Yanfei & Spiliotis, Evangelos & Petropoulos, Fotios & Athiniotis, Nikolaos & Li, Feng & Assimakopoulos, Vassilios, 2021. "Déjà vu: A data-centric forecasting approach through time series cross-similarity," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 719-731.
    8. Jaganathan, Srihari & Prakash, P.K.S., 2020. "A combination-based forecasting method for the M4-competition," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 98-104.

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    Keywords

    Extrapolation; Theta model; Smoothing; Shrinkage; M3-competition;
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