IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/intman/v26y2020i3s1075425319305873.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Quality of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX): A Multilevel Analysis of Individual-level, Organizational-level and Societal-level Antecedents

Author

Listed:
  • Terpstra-Tong, Jane
  • Ralston, David A.
  • Treviño, Len J.
  • Naoumova, Irina
  • de la Garza Carranza, María Teresa
  • Furrer, Olivier
  • Li, Yongjuan
  • Darder, Fidel León

Abstract

We examine the direct relationships for both individual values and organizational-level culture on the quality of leader-member exchange (LMX) in a multilevel, multi-society study. In addition, we investigate the moderating roles of organizational- and societal-level cultures. Using 2343 respondents from 12 samples, we performed hierarchical linear modelling analysis and found that individual-level collectivism and organizational-level clan and hierarchy cultures were positively related to LMX, while individual-level individualism and organizational-level market and adhocracy cultures were negatively related to LMX. None of the organizational culture types or societal cultures had any moderating effects. One implication of the lack of moderating findings is that the main effect findings may be global, suggesting that they are not constrained by the organizational culture or societal culture in which they are embedded. We discuss additional implications for these findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Terpstra-Tong, Jane & Ralston, David A. & Treviño, Len J. & Naoumova, Irina & de la Garza Carranza, María Teresa & Furrer, Olivier & Li, Yongjuan & Darder, Fidel León, 2020. "The Quality of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX): A Multilevel Analysis of Individual-level, Organizational-level and Societal-level Antecedents," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 26(3).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intman:v:26:y:2020:i:3:s1075425319305873
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2020.100760
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1075425319305873
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.intman.2020.100760?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. David Ralston & Carolyn Egri & Olivier Furrer & Min-Hsun Kuo & Yongjuan Li & Florian Wangenheim & Marina Dabic & Irina Naoumova & Katsuhiko Shimizu & María Garza Carranza & Ping Fu & Vojko Potocan & A, 2014. "Societal-Level Versus Individual-Level Predictions of Ethical Behavior: A 48-Society Study of Collectivism and Individualism," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 122(2), pages 283-306, June.
    2. Mark F Peterson & Jean-Luc Arregle & Xavier Martin, 2012. "Multilevel models in international business research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 43(5), pages 451-457, June.
    3. Ralston, David A. & Russell, Craig J. & Egri, Carolyn P., 2018. "Business values dimensions: A cross-culturally developed measure of workforce values," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(6), pages 1189-1199.
    4. David Ralston & Carolyn Egri & Emmanuelle Reynaud & Narasimhan Srinivasan & Olivier Furrer & David Brock & Ruth Alas & Florian Wangenheim & Fidel Darder & Christine Kuo & Vojko Potocan & Audra Mockait, 2011. "A Twenty-First Century Assessment of Values Across the Global Workforce," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 104(1), pages 1-31, November.
    5. Cable, Daniel M. & Judge, Timothy A., 1996. "Person-Organization Fit, Job Choice Decisions, and Organizational Entry," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 67(3), pages 294-311, September.
    6. Nahrgang, Jennifer D. & Morgeson, Frederick P. & Ilies, Remus, 2009. "The development of leader-member exchanges: Exploring how personality and performance influence leader and member relationships over time," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 108(2), pages 256-266, March.
    7. Vas Taras & Piers Steel & Bradley L. Kirkman, 2016. "Does Country Equate with Culture? Beyond Geography in the Search for Cultural Boundaries," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 56(4), pages 455-487, August.
    8. David Ralston & Carolyn Egri & Emmanuelle Reynaud & Narasimhan Srinivasan & Olivier Furrer & David Brock & Ruth Alas & Florian Wangenheim & Fidel Darder & Christine Kuo & Vojko Potocan & Audra Mockait, 2011. "Erratum to: A Twenty-First Century Assessment of Values Across the Global Workforce," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 104(4), pages 589-590, December.
    9. Simcha Ronen & Oded Shenkar, 2013. "Mapping world cultures: Cluster formation, sources and implications," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 44(9), pages 867-897, December.
    10. Len J. Treviño & Carolyn P. Egri & David A. Ralston & Irina Naoumova & Yongjuan Li & Fidel León Darder & María Teresa Garza Carranza & Olivier Furrer, 2020. "A Cross-Cultural Examination of Person-Organization Fit: Is P-O Fit Congruent with or Contingent on Societal Values?," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 60(2), pages 287-314, April.
    11. David Ralston & Allison Pearson, 2010. "The Cross-Cultural Evolution of the Subordinate Influence Ethics Measure," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 96(1), pages 149-168, September.
    12. Selvarajan, T.T. & Singh, Barjinder & Solansky, Stephanie, 2018. "Performance appraisal fairness, leader member exchange and motivation to improve performance: A study of US and Mexican employees," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 142-154.
    13. Rosalie L Tung, 2008. "The cross-cultural research imperative: the need to balance cross-national and intra-national diversity," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 39(1), pages 41-46, January.
    14. Stanley G. Harris, 1994. "Organizational Culture and Individual Sensemaking: A Schema-Based Perspective," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 5(3), pages 309-321, August.
    15. Ping Ping Fu & Jeff Kennedy & Jasmine Tata & Gary Yukl & Michael Harris Bond & Tai-Kuang Peng & Ekkirala S Srinivas & Jon P Howell & Leonel Prieto & Paul Koopman & Jaap J Boonstra & Selda Pasa & Marie, 2004. "The impact of societal cultural values and individual social beliefs on the perceived effectiveness of managerial influence strategies: a meso approach," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 35(4), pages 284-305, July.
    16. Logan L Watts & Logan M Steele & Deanne N Den Hartog, 2020. "Uncertainty avoidance moderates the relationship between transformational leadership and innovation: A meta-analysis," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(1), pages 138-145, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. David Ralston & Carolyn Egri & Olivier Furrer & Min-Hsun Kuo & Yongjuan Li & Florian Wangenheim & Marina Dabic & Irina Naoumova & Katsuhiko Shimizu & María Garza Carranza & Ping Fu & Vojko Potocan & A, 2014. "Societal-Level Versus Individual-Level Predictions of Ethical Behavior: A 48-Society Study of Collectivism and Individualism," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 122(2), pages 283-306, June.
    2. Sjoerd Beugelsdijk & Björn Ambos & Phillip C Nell, 2018. "Conceptualizing and measuring distance in international business research: Recurring questions and best practice guidelines," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(9), pages 1113-1137, December.
    3. Mark F Peterson & Tais S Barreto, 2018. "Interpreting societal culture value dimensions," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(9), pages 1190-1207, December.
    4. Sjoerd Beugelsdijk & Tatiana Kostova & Kendall Roth, 2017. "An overview of Hofstede-inspired country-level culture research in international business since 2006," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(1), pages 30-47, January.
    5. Len J. Treviño & Carolyn P. Egri & David A. Ralston & Irina Naoumova & Olivier Furrer & Yongjuan Li & Fidel León Darder & María Teresa Garza Carranza, 2021. "A multi-country, multi-sector replication challenge to the validity of the cultural tightness-looseness measure," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 38(2), pages 735-764, June.
    6. Michael A. Sartor & Paul W. Beamish, 2020. "Private Sector Corruption, Public Sector Corruption and the Organizational Structure of Foreign Subsidiaries," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 167(4), pages 725-744, December.
    7. Zlatko Nedelko & Vojko Potocan, 2021. "Sustainability of Organizations: The Contribution of Personal Values to Democratic Leadership Behavior Focused on the Sustainability of Organizations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-20, April.
    8. Vojko Potocan & Zlatko Nedelko & Matjaz Mulej & Marina Dabic, 2021. "How University’s Activities Support the Development of Students’ Entrepreneurial Abilities: Case of Slovenia and Croatia," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 12(1), pages 22-40, March.
    9. Mulej, Matjaž & Potočan, Vojko, 2016. "Plenary Lecture: Knowledge Management or Knowledge-Cum-Values-Management?," Proceedings of the ENTRENOVA - ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion Conference (2016), Rovinj, Croatia, in: Proceedings of the ENTRENOVA - ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion Conference, Rovinj, Croatia, 8-9 September 2016, pages 1-9, IRENET - Society for Advancing Innovation and Research in Economy, Zagreb.
    10. Marina Dabic & Vojko Potocan & Zlatko Nedelko, 2017. "Personal values supporting enterprises’ innovations in the creative economy," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 8(4), pages 1241-1261, December.
    11. Luis M. Arciniega & Laura J. Stanley & Diana Puga-Méndez & Dalia Obregón-Schael & Isaac Politi-Salame, 2019. "The Relationship Between Individual Work Values and Unethical Decision-Making and Behavior at Work," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 158(4), pages 1133-1148, September.
    12. Mark F Peterson & Mikael Søndergaard & Aycan Kara, 2018. "Traversing cultural boundaries in IB: The complex relationships between explicit country and implicit cultural group boundaries at multiple levels," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(8), pages 1081-1099, October.
    13. Kwok, Diana W.P. & Meschi, Pierre-Xavier & Bertrand, Olivier, 2020. "In CEOs we trust: When religion matters in cross-border acquisitions. The case of a multifaith country," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(4).
    14. Ralston, David A. & Russell, Craig J. & Egri, Carolyn P., 2018. "Business values dimensions: A cross-culturally developed measure of workforce values," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(6), pages 1189-1199.
    15. Len J. Treviño & Carolyn P. Egri & David A. Ralston & Irina Naoumova & Yongjuan Li & Fidel León Darder & María Teresa Garza Carranza & Olivier Furrer, 2020. "A Cross-Cultural Examination of Person-Organization Fit: Is P-O Fit Congruent with or Contingent on Societal Values?," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 60(2), pages 287-314, April.
    16. Ženko Zdenka & Mulej Matjaž & Potočan Vojko, 2017. "Knowledge-cum-values Management belongs to the Way out from Global Crisis," Business Systems Research, Sciendo, vol. 8(1), pages 113-123, March.
    17. I-Fang Cheng & Che-Jen Su & Hsin-Hsing Liao & Nicolas Lorgnier & Anne-Marie Lebrun & Wen-Shen Yen & Yi-Fang Lan & Yingfang Huang, 2019. "Adolescents’ perceptions of mother–father dominance in family vacation decisions: a 25-society study," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 13(4), pages 755-778, December.
    18. Johan Graafland & Niels Noorderhaven, 2020. "Culture and institutions: How economic freedom and long-term orientation interactively influence corporate social responsibility," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(6), pages 1034-1043, August.
    19. Muethel, Miriam & Hoegl, Martin, 2012. "The influence of social institutions on managers’ concept of trust: Implications for trust-building in Sino-German relationships," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 47(3), pages 420-434.
    20. Ilgaz Arikan & Oded Shenkar, 2022. "Neglected elements: What we should cover more of in international business research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 53(7), pages 1484-1507, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:intman:v:26:y:2020:i:3:s1075425319305873. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/601266/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.