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Power purchase agreements with incremental tariffs in local currency: An innovative green finance tool

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  • Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad
  • Yoshino, Naoyuki
  • Rasoulinezhad, Ehsan
  • Rimaud, Cedric

Abstract

Investment volume in green projects, specifically in the green electricity market, suffers from limitations such as inadequate long-term financing, various risks, and a low rate of return on investment. Renewable energy power purchase agreements (PPAs), as a direct legal contract between a power provider and a power buyer, are one of the most popular instruments to increase investment. In this study, we model an adjusted PPA in the local currency framework to lower exchange rate risk and incremental tariffs by having the government pay part of the spillover tax revenues to the PPA, leading to a higher return on investment. The major conclusion of this study is that the use of tax revenue through the spillover effect of green electricity supply is a suitable source of financing for PPAs. As one policy implication, we recommend that developing countries allocate 50% of the tax revenue originating from power supply and adopt incremental PPAs to encourage private investment in green projects.

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  • Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad & Yoshino, Naoyuki & Rasoulinezhad, Ehsan & Rimaud, Cedric, 2021. "Power purchase agreements with incremental tariffs in local currency: An innovative green finance tool," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:glofin:v:50:y:2021:i:c:s1044028321000648
    DOI: 10.1016/j.gfj.2021.100666
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    2. Tantau Adrian & Niculescu Elena, 2022. "The role of Power Purchase Agreements for the promotion of green energy and the transition to a zero carbon economy," Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, Sciendo, vol. 16(1), pages 1237-1245, August.
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    5. Qianqian Guo & Zhifang Su & Chaoshin Chiao, 2022. "Carbon emissions trading policy, carbon finance, and carbon emissions reduction: evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 55(3), pages 1445-1480, August.
    6. Sun, Yunpeng & Guan, Weimin & Cao, Yuning & Bao, Qun, 2022. "Role of green finance policy in renewable energy deployment for carbon neutrality: Evidence from China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 643-653.
    7. Marios Stanitsas & Konstantinos Kirytopoulos, 2023. "Sustainable Energy Strategies for Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-19, April.
    8. Zongrun Wang & Lili Yang & Xiaohang Ren & Duong Phuong Thao Pham, 2023. "Facilitate or Inhibit: Corporate Environmental Performance and Financing Costs," Evaluation Review, , vol. 47(4), pages 727-759, August.
    9. Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary & Ehsan Rasoulinezhad & Han Phoumin, 2022. "Ways to achieve universal access to sustainable electricity in Southeast Asia," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 55(4), pages 2031-2050, November.
    10. Jose Barroco & Peerapat Vithayasrichareon, 2023. "Accelerating the Energy Transition through Power Purchase Agreement Design: A Philippines Off-Grid Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-26, September.
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