IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v42y2012i1p546-562.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Metrics for evaluating the impacts of intermittent renewable generation on utility load-balancing

Author

Listed:
  • Tarroja, Brian
  • Mueller, Fabian
  • Eichman, Joshua D.
  • Samuelsen, Scott

Abstract

This study has developed metrics to evaluate the impact of intermittent renewable generation on the electric load demand that must be balanced by dispatchable generation resources, allowing examination of the general impacts of accommodating high renewable penetration levels. The metrics focus on the sizing, utilization and coordination of load balancing resources to meet the load demand in time. Insights gained from increasing the renewable penetration level in California as an example indicated the following. The balancing generator fleet displayed low capacity factors at high penetration levels. At penetration levels above 45% with no uninterruptable base load, surplus generation occurred and increased exponentially. The occurrence of daily maximum and minimum load points became increasingly unpredictable, rendering fixed time-of-use electricity pricing inappropriate. Capacities of peaker and base load generator type increased and decreased respectively. Net load variability decreased on the 24-h timescale and increased on all shorter timescales, implying changes in the temporal dispatch of balancing generators. The use of energy management strategies such as energy storage was found to be necessary in order to accommodate high renewable penetration levels with minimal impact. The simple metrics allowed identification of key areas to be addressed in order to accommodate high renewable penetrations.

Suggested Citation

  • Tarroja, Brian & Mueller, Fabian & Eichman, Joshua D. & Samuelsen, Scott, 2012. "Metrics for evaluating the impacts of intermittent renewable generation on utility load-balancing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 546-562.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:42:y:2012:i:1:p:546-562
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.02.040
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544212001351
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2012.02.040?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tarroja, Brian & Mueller, Fabian & Eichman, Joshua D. & Brouwer, Jack & Samuelsen, Scott, 2011. "Spatial and temporal analysis of electric wind generation intermittency and dynamics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 3424-3432.
    2. Lund, Henrik, 2007. "Renewable energy strategies for sustainable development," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 912-919.
    3. Lund, H & Münster, E, 2003. "Modelling of energy systems with a high percentage of CHP and wind power," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(14), pages 2179-2193.
    4. Asmus, Peter, 2003. "How California Hopes to Manage the Intermittency of Wind Power," The Electricity Journal, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 48-53, July.
    5. Georgilakis, Pavlos S., 2008. "Technical challenges associated with the integration of wind power into power systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(3), pages 852-863, April.
    6. Le, Ngoc Anh & Bhattacharyya, Subhes C., 2011. "Integration of wind power into the British system in 2020," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(10), pages 5975-5983.
    7. Hermann, Weston A., 2006. "Quantifying global exergy resources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(12), pages 1685-1702.
    8. Kang, Charles A. & Brandt, Adam R. & Durlofsky, Louis J., 2011. "Optimal operation of an integrated energy system including fossil fuel power generation, CO2 capture and wind," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 6806-6820.
    9. Lund, H., 2006. "Large-scale integration of optimal combinations of PV, wind and wave power into the electricity supply," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 503-515.
    10. Lund, Henrik & Duić, Neven & Krajac˘ić, Goran & Graça Carvalho, Maria da, 2007. "Two energy system analysis models: A comparison of methodologies and results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 948-954.
    11. Jaramillo, O.A. & Borja, M.A. & Huacuz, J.M., 2004. "Using hydropower to complement wind energy: a hybrid system to provide firm power," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(11), pages 1887-1909.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    2. Ma, Tao & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Lund, Henrik & Yang, Hongxing & Lu, Lin, 2014. "An energy system model for Hong Kong in 2020," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 301-310.
    3. Münster, Marie & Lund, Henrik, 2009. "Use of waste for heat, electricity and transport—Challenges when performing energy system analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 636-644.
    4. Liu, Wen & Lund, Henrik & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2011. "Large-scale integration of wind power into the existing Chinese energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 4753-4760.
    5. Connolly, D. & Lund, H. & Mathiesen, B.V. & Leahy, M., 2010. "A review of computer tools for analysing the integration of renewable energy into various energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(4), pages 1059-1082, April.
    6. Hong, Lixuan & Zhou, Nan & Fridley, David & Raczkowski, Chris, 2013. "Assessment of China's renewable energy contribution during the 12th Five Year Plan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 1533-1543.
    7. Zakeri, Behnam & Syri, Sanna & Rinne, Samuli, 2015. "Higher renewable energy integration into the existing energy system of Finland – Is there any maximum limit?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(P3), pages 244-259.
    8. Krajacic, Goran & Duic, Neven & Carvalho, Maria da Graça, 2011. "How to achieve a 100% RES electricity supply for Portugal?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 508-517, February.
    9. Hong, Lixuan & Lund, Henrik & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Möller, Bernd, 2013. "2050 pathway to an active renewable energy scenario for Jiangsu province," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 267-278.
    10. Kwon, Pil Seok & Østergaard, Poul Alberg, 2013. "Priority order in using biomass resources – Energy systems analyses of future scenarios for Denmark," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 86-94.
    11. Zhang, Qi & Ishihara, Keiichi N. & Mclellan, Benjamin C. & Tezuka, Tetsuo, 2012. "Scenario analysis on future electricity supply and demand in Japan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 376-385.
    12. Salehin, Sayedus & Ferdaous, M. Tanvirul & Chowdhury, Ridhwan M. & Shithi, Sumaia Shahid & Rofi, M.S.R. Bhuiyan & Mohammed, Mahir Asif, 2016. "Assessment of renewable energy systems combining techno-economic optimization with energy scenario analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 729-741.
    13. Quiggin, Daniel & Buswell, Richard, 2016. "The implications of heat electrification on national electrical supply-demand balance under published 2050 energy scenarios," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 253-270.
    14. Hagos, Dejene Assefa & Gebremedhin, Alemayehu & Zethraeus, Björn, 2014. "Towards a flexible energy system – A case study for Inland Norway," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 41-50.
    15. Mirakyan, Atom & De Guio, Roland, 2013. "Integrated energy planning in cities and territories: A review of methods and tools," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 289-297.
    16. Lund, H. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2009. "Energy system analysis of 100% renewable energy systems—The case of Denmark in years 2030 and 2050," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 524-531.
    17. Hong, Lixuan & Lund, Henrik & Möller, Bernd, 2012. "The importance of flexible power plant operation for Jiangsu's wind integration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 499-507.
    18. Duquette, Jean & Wild, Peter & Rowe, Andrew, 2014. "The potential benefits of widespread combined heat and power based district energy networks in the province of Ontario," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 41-51.
    19. Chen, Min & Lund, Henrik & Rosendahl, Lasse A. & Condra, Thomas J., 2010. "Energy efficiency analysis and impact evaluation of the application of thermoelectric power cycle to today's CHP systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(4), pages 1231-1238, April.
    20. Behnam Zakeri & Samuli Rinne & Sanna Syri, 2015. "Wind Integration into Energy Systems with a High Share of Nuclear Power—What Are the Compromises?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-35, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:42:y:2012:i:1:p:546-562. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.