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Economic and environmental analyses of coal and biomass to liquid fuels

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  • Liu, Weiguo
  • Wang, Jingxin
  • Bhattacharyya, Debangsu
  • Jiang, Yuan
  • DeVallance, David

Abstract

We analyzed the economic feasibility and environmental benefits of an alternative technology that converts coal and biomass to liquid fuels (CBTL), using West Virginia as a real case scenario. A mixed integer linear programming model was developed to analyze the economic feasibility. A cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA) model was also developed to analyze the environmental benefits. Sensitivity analyses on required selling price (RSP) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of CBTL fuels were conducted according to feedstock availability and price, biomass to coal mix ratio, conversion rate, internal rate of return (IRR), capital cost, operational and maintenance cost. The results showed the price of coal had a more dominant effect on RSP than that of biomass. Different mix ratios and conversion rates led to RSP ranging from $104.3 – $157.9/bbl. LCA results indicated that GHG emissions ranged from 80.62 kg CO2 eq to 101.46 kg CO2 eq/1000 MJ of liquid fuel at various biomass to coal mix ratios and conversion rates if carbon capture and storage (CCS) was applied. Most of the water and fossil energy were consumed in the conversion process. Compared to petroleum-derived-liquid fuels, the reduction in GHG emissions could be between −2.7% and 16.2% with CBTL substitution.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Weiguo & Wang, Jingxin & Bhattacharyya, Debangsu & Jiang, Yuan & DeVallance, David, 2017. "Economic and environmental analyses of coal and biomass to liquid fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 76-86.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:141:y:2017:i:c:p:76-86
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.09.047
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jiang, Yuan & Bhattacharyya, Debangsu, 2017. "Techno-economic analysis of direct coal-biomass to liquids (CBTL) plants with shale gas utilization and CO2 capture and storage (CCS)," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 433-448.
    2. Jiang, Yuan & Bhattacharyya, Debangsu, 2016. "Process modeling of direct coal-biomass to liquids (CBTL) plants with shale gas utilization and CO2 capture and storage (CCS)," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 1616-1632.
    3. Asante, Patrick & Armstrong, Glen W. & Adamowicz, Wiktor L., 2011. "Carbon sequestration and the optimal forest harvest decision: A dynamic programming approach considering biomass and dead organic matter," Journal of Forest Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 3-17, January.
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    6. Hosseinzadeh, Ahmad & Zhou, John L. & Li, Xiaowei & Afsari, Morteza & Altaee, Ali, 2022. "Techno-economic and environmental impact assessment of hydrogen production processes using bio-waste as renewable energy resource," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
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    8. Raghava Rao Kommalapati & Iqbal Hossan & Venkata Sai Vamsi Botlaguduru & Hongbo Du & Ziaul Huque, 2018. "Life Cycle Environmental Impact of Biomass Co-Firing with Coal at a Power Plant in the Greater Houston Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-18, June.
    9. Zhang, Yueling & Li, Junjie & Yang, Xiaoxiao, 2021. "Comprehensive competitiveness assessment of four coal-to-liquid routes and conventional oil refining route in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).

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