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Ecuador's energy policy mix: Development versus conservation and nationalism with Chinese loans

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  • Escribano, Gonzalo

Abstract

Ecuador's energy policy faces a complex variety of political and economic objectives that are difficult to reconcile in a consistent manner. Ecuador is a small oil producer and exporter with significant renewable (mainly hydropower) resources, hosting some of the richest biodiversity areas in the world, part of which are inhabited by so far indigenous un-contacted people. Being a developing country, tensions arise between conservation aims and development imperatives, as well as between resource nationalism and much-needed foreign financing. However, the really limiting factor for the country's energy development seems to be its constraints in financing the government's development and redistributive policies. Resorting to Chinese loans-for-oil may be part of the solution in the short term, but it does not substitute for a more consistent energy policy. Ecuador's case illustrates the dilemmas of energy policy in natural resource-rich developing countries when confronted with diverging political economy, social, environmental and macro-financial goals.

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  • Escribano, Gonzalo, 2013. "Ecuador's energy policy mix: Development versus conservation and nationalism with Chinese loans," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 152-159.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:57:y:2013:i:c:p:152-159
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.01.022
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    Cited by:

    1. Flavio R. Arroyo M. & Luis J. Miguel, 2020. "The Role of Renewable Energies for the Sustainable Energy Governance and Environmental Policies for the Mitigation of Climate Change in Ecuador," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-18, July.
    2. Ponce-Jara, M.A. & Castro, M. & Pelaez-Samaniego, M.R. & Espinoza-Abad, J.L. & Ruiz, E., 2018. "Electricity sector in Ecuador: An overview of the 2007–2017 decade," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 513-522.
    3. Sebastian Naranjo-Silva & Diego Punina-Guerrero & Luis Rivera-Gonzalez & Kenny Escobar-Segovia & Jose David Barros-Enriquez & Jorge Armando Almeida-Dominguez & Javier Alvarez del Castillo, 2023. "Hydropower Scenarios in the Face of Climate Change in Ecuador," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-15, June.
    4. Kalim U. Shah & Sashwat Roy & Wei-Ming Chen & Keron Niles & Dinesh Surroop, 2020. "Application of an Institutional Assessment and Design (IAD)-Enhanced Integrated Regional Energy Policy and Planning (IREPP) Framework to Island States," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-20, April.
    5. Michel Damian, 2013. "Disparue entre les sables du Qatar et l'Amazonie équatorienne. La proposition Daly-Correa de gel du pétrole en terre (Initiative Yasuni-ITT)," Working Papers halshs-00854211, HAL.
    6. David Milesi-Gaches, 2020. "Assessing implications of different energy sources: Quito, Ecuador [Évaluation des implications de différentes sources d'énergie : Quito, Équateur]," Working Papers hal-03555312, HAL.
    7. Castro Verdezoto, Pedro L. & Vidoza, Jorge A. & Gallo, Waldyr L.R., 2019. "Analysis and projection of energy consumption in Ecuador: Energy efficiency policies in the transportation sector," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    8. Villalba-Eguiluz, C. Unai & Etxano, Iker, 2017. "Buen Vivir vs Development (II): The Limits of (Neo-)Extractivism," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 1-11.
    9. Michael Howlett & Pablo del Rio, 2015. "The parameters of policy portfolios: verticality and horizontality in design spaces and their consequences for policy mix formulation," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 33(5), pages 1233-1245, October.
    10. Latorre, Sara & Farrell, Katharine N. & Martínez-Alier, Joan, 2015. "The commodification of nature and socio-environmental resistance in Ecuador: An inventory of accumulation by dispossession cases, 1980–2013," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 58-69.
    11. Bruno Domenech & Laia Ferrer-Martí & Facundo García & Georgina Hidalgo & Rafael Pastor & Antonin Ponsich, 2022. "Optimizing PV Microgrid Isolated Electrification Projects—A Case Study in Ecuador," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-24, April.
    12. Shah, Kalim U. & Niles, Keron, 2016. "Energy policy in the Caribbean green economy context and the Institutional Analysis and Design (IAD) framework as a proposed tool for its development," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 768-777.

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