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Richer and healthier, but not Greener? Choices concerning household energy use in India

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  • Mestl, Heidi Elizabeth Staff
  • Eskeland, Gunnar S.

Abstract

India is among the world lowest per capita greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters, but rapid increases are expected. At the same time, World Health Organization (WHO) estimates show that 424,000 die prematurely in Indian households each year from air pollution exposure due to solid fuel use. We analyze GHG emissions and health through three policy scenarios for household energy, using projections for population, income and urbanization. In policy scenarios called Business as Usual (BAU), Improved Health, and Green Future, projected per capita household GHG emissions in 2026 increase by 169%, 164% and 139%, respectively, compared to 2001, whereas household mortality rates decrease by 45%, 67% and 45%, respectively. Due to income growth and urbanization, an increase in GHG emissions is likely inevitable, but can be slowed. For health, in contrast, improvements are expected and can be expanded.

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  • Mestl, Heidi Elizabeth Staff & Eskeland, Gunnar S., 2009. "Richer and healthier, but not Greener? Choices concerning household energy use in India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 3009-3019, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:37:y:2009:i:8:p:3009-3019
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    2. K.S. Kavi Kumar & Brinda Viswanatha, 2011. "Household Level Pollution in India: Patterns and Projections," Working Papers 2011-058, Madras School of Economics,Chennai,India.
    3. K.S. Kavi Kumar & Brinda Viswanathan, 2016. "Kerosene Consumption in India: Welfare and Environmental Issues," Working Papers 2016-138, Madras School of Economics,Chennai,India.
    4. van Ruijven, Bas J. & van Vuuren, Detlef P. & de Vries, Bert J.M. & Isaac, Morna & van der Sluijs, Jeroen P. & Lucas, Paul L. & Balachandra, P., 2011. "Model projections for household energy use in India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(12), pages 7747-7761.
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    6. Ahmed Moustapha Mfokeu & Elie Virgile Chrysostome & Jean-Pierre Gueyie & Olivier Ebenezer Mun Ngapna, 2023. "Consumer Motivation behind the Use of Ecological Charcoal in Cameroon," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-22, January.

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