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The Effects of Gross Domestic Product and Energy Consumption on Carbon Dioxide Emission in Uganda (1986-2018)

Author

Listed:
  • Jacob Otim

    (Department of Economics and Statistics, Kyambogo University, Uganda,)

  • Geoffrey Mutumba

    (Department of Economics and Statistics, Kyambogo University, Uganda,)

  • Susan Watundu

    (Department of Management Science, Makerere University Business School, Uganda,)

  • Geoffrey Mubiinzi

    (Department of Economics, Uganda Martyrs University, Nkozi, Uganda.)

  • Milly Kaddu

    (Department of Economics and Statistics, Kyambogo University, Uganda,)

Abstract

This study examines the effects of energy consumption and per capita gross domestic product on carbon dioxide emission which is a precursor for global warming due to its large scale impact on the environment. The effect of per capita gross domestic product and per capita energy consumption on carbon emission per capita in Uganda is not clearly known. This study fills the empirical gap for Uganda for 1986-2018. The study used Vector Error Correction techniques and the results suggest evidence of a long-run relationship between the variables at a 5% significance level using the Johansen cointegration test. The estimated elasticity of carbon dioxide emission per capita with respect to gross domestic product per capita is 1.856. The results for the existence and direction of Granger causality show a unidirectional causality running from gross domestic product per capita to carbon dioxide emission per capita and the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is supported. In addition, there is no causal link between energy consumption per capita and gross domestic product per capita, which supports the growth neutrality hypothesis. The overall results indicate that gross domestic product per capita has a positive effect on carbon dioxide emission in Uganda while energy consumption does not Granger cause carbon dioxide emission.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacob Otim & Geoffrey Mutumba & Susan Watundu & Geoffrey Mubiinzi & Milly Kaddu, 2022. "The Effects of Gross Domestic Product and Energy Consumption on Carbon Dioxide Emission in Uganda (1986-2018)," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(1), pages 427-435.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2022-01-54
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    CO2 emission; energy consumption; GDP per capita; Johansen cointegration test; Granger causality; VECM;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • K32 - Law and Economics - - Other Substantive Areas of Law - - - Energy, Environmental, Health, and Safety Law
    • P18 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Energy; Environment
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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