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Variants of Gender Bias and Sexual-Orientation Discrimination in Career Development

Author

Listed:
  • Litsardopoulos Nicholas
  • Saridakis George

    (Kent Business School, University of Kent, CT2 7FS, Canterbury, UK)

  • Clark Andrew E.

    (PSE, Paris, France)

Abstract

We use a nationally-representative dataset that includes a large sample of sexual-orientation minorities to investigate gender bias and sexual-orientation discrimination in career progression. Our results are consistent with persistent gender bias findings and non-heterosexual identity-based employment discrimination. Our findings are consistent with previous work noting that protective legislation for gay and lesbian sexual identities have increased the cost of discrimination and contribute to the improved socioeconomic status of a substantial number of people in these minority groups. However, these gains have not been shared with other minority groups in the LGB+ community, which still have some of the lowest probabilities of holding managerial jobs, and higher probabilities of appearing in lower socioeconomic classes.

Suggested Citation

  • Litsardopoulos Nicholas & Saridakis George & Clark Andrew E., 2023. "Variants of Gender Bias and Sexual-Orientation Discrimination in Career Development," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 23(4), pages 1175-1185, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:bejeap:v:23:y:2023:i:4:p:1175-1185:n:11
    DOI: 10.1515/bejeap-2023-0026
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nick Drydakis, 2024. "Trans people, well-being, and labor market outcomes," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 386-386, January.
    2. Alex Bryson, 2017. "Pay equity after the Equality Act 2010: does sexual orientation still matter?," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 31(3), pages 483-500, June.
    3. Aksoy, Cevat Giray & Carpenter, Christopher S. & Frank, Jeff & Huffman, Matt L., 2019. "Gay glass ceilings: Sexual orientation and workplace authority in the UK," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 167-180.
    4. Cevat G. Aksoy & Christopher S. Carpenter & Jeff Frank, 2018. "Sexual Orientation and Earnings: New Evidence from the United Kingdom," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 71(1), pages 242-272, January.
    5. Ali Ahmed & Mats Hammarstedt, 2010. "Sexual orientation and earnings: a register data-based approach to identify homosexuals," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 23(3), pages 835-849, June.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    sexual orientation; discrimination; socioeconomic status; LGB+;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing
    • J78 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Public Policy (including comparable worth)

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