IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/rmgtin/v25y2022i1p19-34.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Pricing strategies in the German term life insurance market: An empirical analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Jonas R. Jahnert
  • Hato Schmeiser
  • Florian Schreiber

Abstract

The life insurance sector is highly regulated. Areas of regulation include not only solvency requirements but also product pricing. In most industries, companies aim to increase producer rents by using information regarding the customer's willingness to pay (WTP), which allows them to endeavor price discrimination if no perfect competition prevails. In this article, we investigate the pricing behavior in the German Term Life insurance market by analyzing market prices, actuarial fair pricing, and the WTP for eighteen customer groups and three product categories. The results show that premiums charged for budget Term Life insurance products are in some cases even below the actuarially fair price. For term life insurance products with additional services, regulation, and market conditions hinder insurance companies from employing advanced strategies of price discrimination and the employment of the WTP.

Suggested Citation

  • Jonas R. Jahnert & Hato Schmeiser & Florian Schreiber, 2022. "Pricing strategies in the German term life insurance market: An empirical analysis," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 25(1), pages 19-34, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rmgtin:v:25:y:2022:i:1:p:19-34
    DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12202
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/rmir.12202
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/rmir.12202?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hanna Freudenreich & Oliver Mußhoff, 2018. "Insurance for Technology Adoption: An Experimental Evaluation of Schemes and Subsidies with Maize Farmers in Mexico," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 69(1), pages 96-120, February.
    2. Ralph S. J. Koijen & Motohiro Yogo, 2015. "The Cost of Financial Frictions for Life Insurers," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 105(1), pages 445-475, January.
    3. Oliver Musshoff & Norbert Hirschauer & Martin Odening, 2008. "Portfolio effects and the willingness to pay for weather insurances," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 68(1), pages 83-97, May.
    4. Nathaniel Hendren, 2017. "Knowledge of Future Job Loss and Implications for Unemployment Insurance," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 107(7), pages 1778-1823, July.
    5. Elabed, Ghada & Carter, Michael R., 2015. "Compound-risk aversion, ambiguity and the willingness to pay for microinsurance," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 150-166.
    6. Daniel Kahneman & Amos Tversky, 2013. "Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision Under Risk," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Leonard C MacLean & William T Ziemba (ed.), HANDBOOK OF THE FUNDAMENTALS OF FINANCIAL DECISION MAKING Part I, chapter 6, pages 99-127, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    7. Rob W. Fraser, 1992. "An Analysis Of Willingness‐To‐Pay For Crop Insurance," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 36(1), pages 83-95, April.
    8. Jacopo Bonan & Philippe LeMay-Boucher & Michel Tenikue, 2014. "Households' Willingness to Pay for Health Microinsurance and its Impact on Actual Take-up: Results from a Field Experiment in Senegal," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(10), pages 1445-1462, November.
    9. Bosworth, Ryan & Cameron, Trudy Ann & DeShazo, J.R., 2015. "Willingness to pay for public health policies to treat illnesses," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 74-88.
    10. Braun, Alexander & Schmeiser, Hato & Schreiber, Florian, 2016. "On consumer preferences and the willingness to pay for term life insurance," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 253(3), pages 761-776.
    11. Jens-Oliver Bock & Dirk Heider & Herbert Matschinger & Hermann Brenner & Kai-Uwe Saum & Walter Haefeli & Hans-Helmut König, 2016. "Willingness to pay for health insurance among the elderly population in Germany," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 17(2), pages 149-158, March.
    12. Goldberg, Stephen M & Green, Paul E & Wind, Yoram, 1984. "Conjoint Analysis of Price Premiums for Hotel Amenities," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 57(1), pages 111-132, January.
    13. Nadine Gatzert & Ines Holzmüller & Hato Schmeiser, 2012. "Creating Customer Value in Participating Life Insurance," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 79(3), pages 645-670, September.
    14. Fraser, Rob W., 1992. "An Analysis Of Willingness-To-Pay For Crop Insurance," Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 36(1), pages 1-13, April.
    15. Bulte, Erwin & Cecchi, Francesco & Lensink, Robert & Marr, Ana & van Asseldonk, Marcel, 2020. "Does bundling crop insurance with certified seeds crowd-in investments? Experimental evidence from Kenya," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 744-757.
    16. Akaichi, Faical & Costa-Font, Joan & Frank, Richard, 2020. "Uninsured by Choice? A choice experiment on long term care insurance," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 422-434.
    17. R. Anton Braun & Karen A. Kopecky & Tatyana Koreshkova, 2019. "Old, Frail, and Uninsured: Accounting for Features of the U.S. Long‐Term Care Insurance Market," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 87(3), pages 981-1019, May.
    18. Botzen, W.J.W. & van den Bergh, J.C.J.M., 2012. "Risk attitudes to low-probability climate change risks: WTP for flood insurance," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 82(1), pages 151-166.
    19. Franziska Voelckner, 2006. "An empirical comparison of methods for measuring consumers’ willingness to pay," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 137-149, April.
    20. Drake, Coleman, 2019. "What are consumers willing to pay for a broad network health plan?: Evidence from covered California," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 63-77.
    21. Jan V. Hansen & Rasmus H. Jacobsen & Morten I. Lau, 2016. "Willingness To Pay For Insurance In Denmark," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 83(1), pages 49-76, January.
    22. Clara Delavallade, 2017. "Quality Health Care and Willingness to Pay for Health Insurance Retention: A Randomized Experiment in Kolkata Slums," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(5), pages 619-638, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Braun, Alexander & Schmeiser, Hato & Schreiber, Florian, 2016. "On consumer preferences and the willingness to pay for term life insurance," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 253(3), pages 761-776.
    2. Liu, Xianglin & Tang, Yingmei & Miranda, Mario J., 2015. "Does Past Experience in Natural Disasters Affect Willingness-to-Pay for Weather Index Insurance? Evidence from China," 2015 AAEA & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, July 26-28, San Francisco, California 205374, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    3. Daliana Luca & Hato Schmeiser & Florian Schreiber, 2023. "Investment guarantees in financial products: an analysis of consumer preferences," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 48(4), pages 906-940, October.
    4. Glenn W. Harrison & Jia Min Ng, 2019. "Behavioral insurance and economic theory: A literature review," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 22(2), pages 133-182, July.
    5. Ashimwe, Olive, 2016. "An Economic Analysis Of Impact Of Weather Index-Based Crop Insurance On Household Income In Huye District Of Rwanda," Research Theses 265675, Collaborative Masters Program in Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    6. Glenn W. Harrison, 2019. "The behavioral welfare economics of insurance," The Geneva Risk and Insurance Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association for the Study of Insurance Economics (The Geneva Association), vol. 44(2), pages 137-175, September.
    7. Berdin, Elia, 2016. "Interest rate risk, longevity risk and the solvency of life insurers," ICIR Working Paper Series 23/16, Goethe University Frankfurt, International Center for Insurance Regulation (ICIR).
    8. Kallio, Markku & Halme, Merja & Dehghan Hardoroudi, Nasim & Aspara, Jaakko, 2022. "Transparent structured products for retail investors," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 302(2), pages 752-767.
    9. Smith, Vincent H. & Glauber, Joseph & Dismukes, Robert, 2016. "Rent Dispersion in the US Agricultural Insurance Industry:," IFPRI discussion papers 1532, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    10. Dougherty, John P. & Flatnes, Jon Einar & Gallenstein, Richard A. & Miranda, Mario J. & Sam, Abdoul G., 2020. "Climate change and index insurance demand: Evidence from a framed field experiment in Tanzania," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 155-184.
    11. Marine Le Gall-Ely, 2009. "Définition, mesure et déterminants du consentement à payer du consommateur : synthèse critique et voies de recherche," Post-Print hal-00522826, HAL.
    12. Apurba Shee & Calum G. Turvey & Ana Marr, 2021. "Heterogeneous Demand and Supply for an Insurance‐linked Credit Product in Kenya: A Stated Choice Experiment Approach," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 72(1), pages 244-267, February.
    13. Anna Kukla-Gryz & Joanna Tyrowicz & Michał Krawczyk, 2021. "Digital piracy and the perception of price fairness: evidence from a field experiment," Journal of Cultural Economics, Springer;The Association for Cultural Economics International, vol. 45(1), pages 105-131, March.
    14. Biener, Christian & Eling, Martin & Lehmann, Martin, 2020. "Balancing the desire for privacy against the desire to hedge risk," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 608-620.
    15. Thomas Url, 2014. "Vorteile der Risikoübernahme in der klassischen Lebensversicherung," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 60603, April.
    16. Tiberio Daddi & Niccolò Maria Todaro & Maria Rosa De Giacomo & Marco Frey, 2018. "A Systematic Review of the Use of Organization and Management Theories in Climate Change Studies," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(4), pages 456-474, May.
    17. Mekonnen, Tigist, 2017. "Willingness to pay for agricultural risk insurance as a strategy to adapt climate change," MERIT Working Papers 2017-028, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    18. Barbara Bigliardi & Domenico Campisi & Giovanna Ferraro & Serena Filippelli & Francesco Galati & Alberto Petroni, 2020. "The Intention to Purchase Recycled Products: Towards an Integrative Theoretical Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-20, November.
    19. Hongli Feng & Xiaodong Du & David A. Hennessy, 2020. "Depressed demand for crop insurance contracts, and a rationale based on third generation Prospect Theory," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 51(1), pages 59-73, January.
    20. Strobl, Renate, 2022. "Background risk, insurance and investment behaviour: Experimental evidence from Kenya," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 34-68.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:rmgtin:v:25:y:2022:i:1:p:19-34. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1098-1616 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.