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Does the high‐speed rail network improve economic growth?

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  • Jun‐Teng Ma
  • Tie‐Ying Liu

Abstract

This paper discusses whether high‐speed rail (HSR) construction in China promotes urban economic growth, and it uses social network analysis (SNA) and a panel threshold model. We provide robust evidence that HSR networks have non‐linear effects on the urban economy. Urban location and transportation hub status change as the density of HSR networks increases, and from 2008 to 2017, the national average annual growth rate of the weighted degree centrality (WDC) was 44.93%. We find the WDC and betweenness centrality (BC) have positive influences on urban economic growth. However, HSR network expansion reduces the economic benefits of HSR because the marginal contribution of new HSR lines to economic productivity decreases and there is a crowding out effect caused by excessive agglomeration. HSR networks can promote the economy of Western China to a greater extent and can promote the economy more in small cities than in large and medium‐sized cities. These findings can help the government rationalize its strategy for designing HSR lines in various regions. Este artículo analiza si la construcción del tren de alta velocidad (TAV) en China promueve el crecimiento económico urbano, y utiliza el análisis de redes sociales (ARS) y un modelo por umbrales con datos de panel. Se aportan pruebas rigurosas de que las redes de TAV tienen efectos no lineales en la economía urbana. La ubicación urbana y el estatus de los nodos de transporte cambian a medida que aumenta la densidad de las redes de TAV y, desde 2008 hasta 2017, la tasa promedio de crecimiento anual nacional de la centralidad de grado ponderado (WDC, por sus siglas en inglés) fue del 44,93%. Se encontró que la WDC y la centralidad de intermediación (CI) tienen una influencia positiva en el crecimiento económico urbano. Sin embargo, la expansión de la red de TAV reduce los beneficios económicos del TAV porque la contribución marginal de las nuevas líneas de TAV a la productividad económica disminuye y se produce un efecto de exclusión causado por la excesiva aglomeración. Las redes de TAV pueden fomentar la economía del oeste de China en gran medida y pueden fomentar la economía más en las ciudades pequeñas que en las grandes y medianas. Estos resultados pueden ayudar al gobierno a racionalizar su estrategia de diseño de las líneas de TAV en diferentes regiones. 本稿は、中国における高速鉄道 (high‐speed rail: HSR)建設が都市経済の成長を促進するかどうか、社会ネットワーク分析とパネル閾値モデルを用いて考察する。HSRネットワークが都市経済に非線形効果をもたらすことを示す頑健なエビデンスを提示する。都市の位置と交通ハブの状況は、HSRネットワークの密度が上昇するにつれて変化し、2008~2017年までの重み付き次数中心性(weighted degree centrality: WDC)の年間の成長率の全国平均は44.93%であった。WDCと媒介中心性は、都市経済の成長にプラスの影響を及ぼすことが分かった。しかし、新しいHSR路線の経済的生産性に対する限界利益が減少し、過剰な集積が引き起こすクラウディングアウト効果のため、HSRネットワークの拡大はHSRの経済的利益を減少させる。HSRネットワークは、中国西部の経済をさらに発展させることができるが、大都市や中都市よりも小都市の経済を促進するものである。これらの知見は、政府が様々な地域におけるHSRの建設の計画戦略を合理化する際に有用となる。

Suggested Citation

  • Jun‐Teng Ma & Tie‐Ying Liu, 2022. "Does the high‐speed rail network improve economic growth?," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 101(1), pages 183-208, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:presci:v:101:y:2022:i:1:p:183-208
    DOI: 10.1111/pirs.12641
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