IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/irvfin/v21y2021i3p742-768.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Going public through mergers with special purpose acquisition companies

Author

Listed:
  • Hyunseok Kim
  • Jayoung Ko
  • Chulhee Jun
  • Kyojik “Roy” Song

Abstract

In this study, we find that private operating firms with larger controlling shareholders' ownership merge with special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs) rather than take the conventional initial public offering (IPO) route to go public in Korea. This finding indicates that compared to U.S. SPACs, the controlling shareholders' motive to avoid their ownership dilution makes SPAC mergers popular in Korea. In addition, we document that the merged firms do not reveal difference in stock and operating performance over the long run compared to conventional IPO firms. However, SPAC mergers incur higher direct cost and do not generate marketing benefits for the listing firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyunseok Kim & Jayoung Ko & Chulhee Jun & Kyojik “Roy” Song, 2021. "Going public through mergers with special purpose acquisition companies," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 21(3), pages 742-768, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:irvfin:v:21:y:2021:i:3:p:742-768
    DOI: 10.1111/irfi.12297
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/irfi.12297
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/irfi.12297?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chang, James Jinho & Shin, Hyun-Han, 2007. "Family ownership and performance in Korean conglomerates," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 329-352, September.
    2. Jay R. Ritter & Ivo Welch, 2002. "A Review of IPO Activity, Pricing, and Allocations," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 57(4), pages 1795-1828, August.
    3. Lakicevic, Milan & Shachmurove, Yochanan & Vulanovic, Milos, 2014. "Institutional changes of Specified Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs)," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 149-169.
    4. Shachmurove, Yochanan & Vulanovic, Milos, 2015. "Specified purpose acquisition companies in shipping," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 64-79.
    5. Kim, Jeong-Bon & Krinsky, Itzhak & Lee, Jason, 1995. "The aftermarket performance of initial public offerings in Korea," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 429-448, December.
    6. Rodrigues, Usha & Stegemoller, Mike, 2014. "What all-cash companies tell us about IPOs and acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 111-121.
    7. Robert Berger, 2008. "SPACs: An Alternative Wav to Access the Public Markets," Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, Morgan Stanley, vol. 20(3), pages 68-75, June.
    8. Rafael La Porta & Florencio Lopez‐De‐Silanes & Andrei Shleifer, 1999. "Corporate Ownership Around the World," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 54(2), pages 471-517, April.
    9. Beatty, Randolph P. & Ritter, Jay R., 1986. "Investment banking, reputation, and the underpricing of initial public offerings," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 15(1-2), pages 213-232.
    10. Demers, Elizabeth & Lewellen, Katharina, 2003. "The marketing role of IPOs: evidence from internet stocks," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(3), pages 413-437, June.
    11. Claessens, Stijn & Djankov, Simeon & Lang, Larry H. P., 2000. "The separation of ownership and control in East Asian Corporations," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(1-2), pages 81-112.
    12. Rock, Kevin, 1986. "Why new issues are underpriced," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 15(1-2), pages 187-212.
    13. Lakicevic, Milan & Vulanovic, Milos, 2012. "A Story on Spacs," MPRA Paper 42172, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Rossi, Stefano & Volpin, Paolo F., 2004. "Cross-country determinants of mergers and acquisitions," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(2), pages 277-304, November.
    15. Kolb, Johannes & Tykvová, Tereza, 2016. "Going public via special purpose acquisition companies: Frogs do not turn into princes," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 80-96.
    16. Cumming, Douglas & Haß, Lars Helge & Schweizer, Denis, 2014. "The fast track IPO – Success factors for taking firms public with SPACs," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 198-213.
    17. Floros, Ioannis V. & Sapp, Travis R.A., 2011. "Shell games: On the value of shell companies," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(4), pages 850-867, September.
    18. Loughran, Tim & Ritter, Jay R, 1995. "The New Issues Puzzle," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(1), pages 23-51, March.
    19. Dimitrova, Lora, 2017. "Perverse incentives of special purpose acquisition companies, the “poor man's private equity funds”," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(1), pages 99-120.
    20. Megginson, William L & Weiss, Kathleen A, 1991. "Venture Capitalist Certification in Initial Public Offerings," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(3), pages 879-903, July.
    21. Song, Kyojik “Roy” & Kim, Inho & Chang, Young K., 2014. "A reverse takeover as an exit strategy of venture capital: Korean evidence," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 182-198.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kang, Hyung Cheol & Lee, Sangwon, 2023. "What has been changed in SPAC mergers? Evidence from Korea since their introduction," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    2. Roszaini Haniffa & Mohammad Hudaib & Tasawar Nawaz, 2022. "The Value of Social Capital for the Success of SPAC IPOs," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-15, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kolb, Johannes & Tykvová, Tereza, 2016. "Going public via special purpose acquisition companies: Frogs do not turn into princes," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 80-96.
    2. Yong, Othman, 2007. "A review of IPO research in Asia: What's next?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 253-275, June.
    3. Goergen, Marc & Gounopoulos, Dimitrios & Koutroumpis, Panagiotis, 2021. "Do multiple credit ratings reduce money left on the table? Evidence from U.S. IPOs," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    4. Agathee, Ushad Subadar & Sannassee, Raja Vinesh & Brooks, Chris, 2012. "The underpricing of IPOs on the Stock Exchange of Mauritius," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(2), pages 281-303.
    5. Elizabeth Demers & Philip Joos, 2007. "IPO Failure Risk," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(2), pages 333-371, May.
    6. Sascha Füllbrunn & Tibor Neugebauer & Andreas Nicklisch, 2020. "Underpricing of initial public offerings in experimental asset markets," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 23(4), pages 1002-1029, December.
    7. Vismara, Silvio & Signori, Andrea & Paleari, Stefano, 2015. "Changes in underwriters' selection of comparable firms pre- and post-IPO: Same bank, same company, different peers," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 235-250.
    8. Agoraki, Maria-Eleni K. & Gounopoulos, Dimitrios & Kouretas, Georgios P., 2022. "U.S. banks’ IPOs and political money contributions," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    9. Fouad Jamaani & Manal Alidarous, 2019. "Review of Theoretical Explanations of IPO Underpricing," Journal of Accounting, Business and Finance Research, Scientific Publishing Institute, vol. 6(1), pages 1-18.
    10. Agoraki, Maria-Eleni & Gounopoulos, Dimitrios & Kouretas, Georgios P., 2021. "Market expectations and the impact of credit rating on the IPOs of U.S. banks," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 587-610.
    11. Lakicevic, Milan & Shachmurove, Yochanan & Vulanovic, Milos, 2014. "Institutional changes of Specified Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs)," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 149-169.
    12. Alanazi, Ahmed S. & Al-Zoubi, Haitham A., 2015. "Extreme IPO underpricing and the legal environment in wealthy emerging economies," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 83-103.
    13. Gounopoulos, Dimitrios & Kallias, Antonios & Kallias, Konstantinos & Tzeremes, Panayiotis G., 2017. "Political money contributions of U.S. IPOs," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 19-38.
    14. Kim, Kenneth A. & Kitsabunnarat, Pattanaporn & Nofsinger, John R., 2004. "Ownership and operating performance in an emerging market: evidence from Thai IPO firms," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 10(3), pages 355-381, June.
    15. Sarra Ben Slama Zouari & Abdelkader Boudriga & Neila Boulila Taktak, 2011. "Determinants Of Ipo Underpricing: Evidence From Tunisia," The International Journal of Business and Finance Research, The Institute for Business and Finance Research, vol. 5(1), pages 13-32.
    16. Hyoung-Goo Kang & Kyounghun Bae & Jung Ah Shin & Seongmin Jeon, 2021. "Will data on internet queries predict the performance in the marketplace: an empirical study on online searches and IPO stock returns," Electronic Commerce Research, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 101-124, March.
    17. Datta, Sudip & Gruskin, Mark & Iskandar-Datta, Mai, 2015. "On post-IPO stock price performance: A comparative analysis of RLBOs and IPOs," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 187-203.
    18. Andrew J. Leone & Steve Rock & Michael Willenborg, 2007. "Disclosure of Intended Use of Proceeds and Underpricing in Initial Public Offerings," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(1), pages 111-153, March.
    19. Henna Malik & Malik Muhammad Shehr Yar & Attiya Yasmin Javid, 2017. "New Issues Puzzle: Experience from Karachi Stock Exchange," Working Papers id:12182, eSocialSciences.
    20. Gao, Yan, 2010. "What comprises IPO initial returns: Evidence from the Chinese market," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 77-89, January.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:irvfin:v:21:y:2021:i:3:p:742-768. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1369-412X .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.