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Wirtschaftsentwicklung divergiert in den kommenden Jahren auch in Mitteleuropa, Ost- und Südosteuropa zwischen Norden und Süden

Author

Listed:
  • Vasily Astrov

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

  • Doris Hanzl-Weiss

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

  • Mario Holzner

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

  • Sebastian Leitner

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

Abstract

(Reprint from WIFO-Monatsberichte, Vol. 85, No. 5, May 2012) Zusammenfassung Die gegenwärtige Wirtschaftskrise weist alle jene Merkmale auf, die mit finanziellen, verschuldungsbezogenen und strukturellen Aspekten von Leistungsbilanzkrisen verbunden werden. Daraus ergeben sich dauerhaft dämpfende Effekte für die Entwicklung der Gesamtnachfrage in den mittel-, ost- und südosteuropäischen Ländern, sodass sich eine nachhaltige Erholung verzögert. Die vorübergehende Belebung 2010/11 war insbesondere vom Export getragen. Deutliche Entwicklungsunterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Ländern Ostmitteleuropas und Südosteuropas sind aber geblieben. Einige Länder, die vor der Krise große wirtschaftliche Ungleichgewichte verzeichnet hatten (Rumänien, Bulgarien und die baltischen Länder), konnten ihre Exporte stark steigern, während strukturschwache Volkswirtschaften (die Westbalkanländer, ähnlich den südlichen EU-Ländern) von der lebhaften Auslandsnachfrage wenig profitierten. Diese zweite Ländergruppe wird auch im Prognosezeitraum 2012/2014 eine schwache Dynamik aufweisen, während einige mitteleuropäische Volkswirtschaften (Tschechien, Polen, Slowakei) dank kräftigem Wachstum eine Schuldenkrise vermeiden können sollten. Auch in den baltischen Ländern sollte die Wirtschaft deutlich expandieren, während sie in den anderen neuen EU-Ländern und den Westbalkanländern schwächer wachsen dürfte. Kräftig wird das BIP in der Türkei, in Russland, der Ukraine und Kasachstan steigen. English Summary Economic North-South Divide also in the Countries of Central, East and Southeast Europe The present economic crisis bears all the familiar hallmarks of the financial, debt-related and structural aspects of a current accounts crisis. All these aspects have lasting level effects and recovery can be very protracted. Export-led growth was an important feature of the 2010-11 recovery period, yet significant inter-country differences persisted. A few countries with severe pre-crisis imbalances (Romania, Bulgaria and the Baltic countries) enjoyed reasonable export growth during that period, while other structurally weak economies on the European periphery (Western Balkan countries and the Southern EU) were less successful in that respect. The latter group of countries will continue to lag behind during the forecasting period of 2012-2014, while some of the Central European economies (Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia) should manage to evade the vicious circle of low growth, high interest rates and unsustainable debt. In the latter three countries, as well as in the Baltic countries, the economy is expected to grow by about 3% in the coming years (which is still significantly below the trend growth rates before the crisis). The remaining new EU member countries as well as the Western Balkan countries are set to achieve only about half this growth rate. In Turkey, Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan GDP should grow by rates of up to 5%.

Suggested Citation

  • Vasily Astrov & Doris Hanzl-Weiss & Mario Holzner & Sebastian Leitner, 2012. "Wirtschaftsentwicklung divergiert in den kommenden Jahren auch in Mitteleuropa, Ost- und Südosteuropa zwischen Norden und Süden," wiiw Research Reports in German language 2012-06, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw.
  • Handle: RePEc:wii:ratpap:rpg:2012-06
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    Cited by:

    1. Alfred Sitz & Aneliya Adzhemova & Atanas Pekanov, 2013. "Bulgarien: wirtschaftspolitische Strategie und ökonomische Entwicklung seit der Öffnung," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 39(1), pages 69-85.
    2. repec:clr:wugarc:y:2013:v:39i:1p:69 is not listed on IDEAS

    More about this item

    Keywords

    transitional economies; comparative study; economic growth; fiscal and monetary policy; macroeconomic forecast; macroeconomic analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • P2 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist and Transition Economies
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries
    • E17 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • O4 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity

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