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Knowledge Enclosures, Forced Specializations and Investment Crisis

Author

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  • Filippo Belloc
  • Ugo Pagano

Abstract

Like land before the industrial revolution, much knowledge is being enclosed in private hands. These enclosures have become a major factor in specialization among firms and among countries: both are forced to specialize in the fields that are not restricted by the enclosures of the others. This forced specialization is highly asymmetric and involves strong self-reinforcing innovation patterns: we show that it is mainly driven by the existing knowledge enclosures, and that it polarizes investment opportunities among firms and, even more so, among countries. Moreover, also the world economy as a whole suffers from this restriction of investment opportunities, which, in our view, is one of the factors contributing to the present crisis.

Suggested Citation

  • Filippo Belloc & Ugo Pagano, 2010. "Knowledge Enclosures, Forced Specializations and Investment Crisis," Department of Economics University of Siena 601, Department of Economics, University of Siena.
    • Handle: RePEc:usi:wpaper:601
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    File URL: http://repec.deps.unisi.it/quaderni/601.pdf
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    Cited by:

    1. Ugo Pagano, 2019. "Proprietà e controllo delle grandi imprese: un’interpretazione del resistibile declino italiano," Department of Economics University of Siena 798, Department of Economics, University of Siena.
    2. Ugo Pagano, 2016. "Knowledge as a Global Common and the Crisis of the Learning Economy," Department of Economics University of Siena 743, Department of Economics, University of Siena.
    3. Nicita, Antonio & Pagano, Ugo, 2016. "Finance-technology complementarities: An organizational equilibria approach," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 43-51.
    4. Ugo Pagano & Maria Alessandra Rossi, 2019. "Come sorridere anche noi: Sviluppo economico, accesso alle conoscenze, e riduzione delle diseguaglianze," Department of Economics University of Siena 803, Department of Economics, University of Siena.
    5. Ugo Pagano & Maria Alessandra Rossi, 2016. "The knowledge economy, the crash and the depression," Department of Economics University of Siena 741, Department of Economics, University of Siena.
    6. Fabio Landini & Ugo Pagano, 2013. "Synergy, Conflict and Institutional Complementarities," Department of Economics University of Siena 686, Department of Economics, University of Siena.
    7. Caregari, Davide, 2010. "Diritti di proprietà intellettuale: sviluppi recenti e prospettive di riforma [Intellectual property rights: recent developements and reform prospects]," MPRA Paper 28132, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    IPRs; innovation; knowledge enclosure; technological specialization;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F55 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Institutional Arrangements
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • L20 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - General
    • O34 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
    • P17 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Performance and Prospects

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