IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/osk/wpaper/2510.html

Takeovers and taxes: Estimates from a two-sided matching model

Author

Listed:
  • Kazuki Onji

    (The University of Osaka)

  • Roger H. Gordon

    (University of California, San Diego)

  • Tue Gørgens

    (Australian National University)

Abstract

In assessing the influence of taxes on corporate takeovers, sorting among firms poses complications. We employ a recently developed matching model that explicitly accounts for sorting behaviors, applying it for the first time to analyze tax implications in corporate takeover markets. Examining Japanese M&A transactions (1999–2018) between publiclytraded corporations, our estimates reveal heterogeneous effects, where the role of acquirer information and control perceptibly moderates the value of loss carryforwards across different transaction types. However, the estimated value generated from loss carryforwards is modest, indicating the stringency of Japan’s anti-avoidance rules.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazuki Onji & Roger H. Gordon & Tue Gørgens, 2025. "Takeovers and taxes: Estimates from a two-sided matching model," Discussion Papers in Economics and Business 25-10, Osaka University, Graduate School of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:osk:wpaper:2510
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www2.econ.osaka-u.ac.jp/econ_society/dp/2510.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gallemore, John & Labro, Eva, 2015. "The importance of the internal information environment for tax avoidance," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 60(1), pages 149-167.
    2. Lewellen, Wilbur G, 1971. "A Pure Financial Rationale for the Conglomerate Merger," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 26(2), pages 521-537, May.
    3. Shackelford, Douglas A. & Shevlin, Terry, 2001. "Empirical tax research in accounting," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(1-3), pages 321-387, September.
    4. repec:bla:jfinan:v:59:y:2004:i:4:p:1777-1804 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Hanlon, Michelle & Heitzman, Shane, 2010. "A review of tax research," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(2-3), pages 127-178, December.
    6. Eli Amir & Theodore Sougiannis, 1999. "Analysts' Interpretation and Investors' Valuation of Tax Carryforwards," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(1), pages 1-33, March.
    7. Plummer, Elizabeth R. & Robinson, John R., 1990. "Capital Market Evidence of Windfalls from the Acquisition of Tax Carryovers," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association, vol. 43(4), pages 481-89, December.
    8. Kraus, Alan & Litzenberger, Robert H, 1973. "A State-Preference Model of Optimal Financial Leverage," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 28(4), pages 911-922, September.
    9. Erik Devos & Palani-Rajan Kadapakkam & Srinivasan Krishnamurthy, 2009. "How Do Mergers Create Value? A Comparison of Taxes, Market Power, and Efficiency Improvements as Explanations for Synergies," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 22(3), pages 1179-1211, March.
    10. Plummer, Elizabeth R. & Robinson, John R., 1990. "Capital Market Evidence of Windfalls From the Acquisition of Tax Carryovers," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association;National Tax Journal, vol. 43(4), pages 481-489, December.
    11. Norman H. Moore & Stephen W. Pruitt, 1987. "The Market Pricing Of Net Operating Loss Carryforwards: Implications Of The Tax Motivations Of Mergers," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 10(2), pages 153-160, June.
    12. Steven N. Kaplan & Luigi Zingales, 1997. "Do Investment-Cash Flow Sensitivities Provide Useful Measures of Financing Constraints?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 112(1), pages 169-215.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chiang, Wei-Chih & Stammerjohan, William & Englebrecht, Ted D., 2014. "Pricing target NOLs in mergers and acquisitions from the participating firms' perspective," Advances in accounting, Elsevier, vol. 30(1), pages 32-42.
    2. Li, Chengming & Wang, Hanyang & Zhang, Changyun, 2026. "Digital transformation and corporate mergers and acquisitions: Evidence and mechanism in China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    3. Chyz, James A. & Ching Leung, Winnie Siu & Zhen Li, Oliver & Meng Rui, Oliver, 2013. "Labor unions and tax aggressiveness," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(3), pages 675-698.
    4. Habib Saragih, Arfah & Ali, Syaiful & Suwardi, Eko & Utomo, Hargo, 2024. "Finding the missing pieces to an optimal corporate tax savings: Information technology governance and internal information quality," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    5. Fangjun Wang & Shuolei Xu & Junqin Sun & Charles P. Cullinan, 2020. "Corporate Tax Avoidance: A Literature Review And Research Agenda," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(4), pages 793-811, September.
    6. Xiang, Junyi & Zhang, Hongxiang & Dang, Dingyu & Guan, Jing, 2023. "Involuntary political connections and private firms' tax avoidance," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    7. Martin Jacob & Anna Rohlfing-Bastian & Kai Sandner, 2021. "Why do not all firms engage in tax avoidance?," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 15(2), pages 459-495, February.
    8. Guo, Xingfang & Wei, Tao & Wang, Aiping & Hu, Haifeng, 2024. "Corporate governance effects of digital finance: Evidence from corporate tax avoidance in China," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(PA).
    9. Kovermann, Jost & Velte, Patrick, 2019. "The impact of corporate governance on corporate tax avoidance—A literature review," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 1-1.
    10. Mai, Nhat Chi, 2012. "Market timing, taxes and capital structure: evidence from Vietnam," OSF Preprints t3mvs, Center for Open Science.
    11. Devos, Erik & Ke, Yun & Snead, Kenneth & Zhou, Fuzhao, 2024. "Firm location and tax avoidance: Urban versus non-urban firms," Advances in accounting, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    12. Wen, Wen & Cui, Huijie & Ke, Yun, 2020. "Directors with foreign experience and corporate tax avoidance," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    13. M. Martin Boyer & Philippe d'Astous, 2023. "Tax compliance and firm response to electronic sales monitoring," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 56(4), pages 1430-1468, November.
    14. Oliver Levine & Youchang Wu, 2021. "Asset Volatility and Capital Structure: Evidence from Corporate Mergers," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(5), pages 2773-2798, May.
    15. Mansoor Afzali & Timmy Thor, 2025. "Corporate culture and tax planning," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 861-898, February.
    16. Sven-Eric Bärsch & Jost Heckemeyer & Marcel Olbert, 2023. "Do firms with a centralized transfer pricing authority have more tax disputes and internal coordination conflicts?," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 93(8), pages 1415-1450, October.
    17. Dirk Schindler & Guttorm Schjelderup, 2016. "Multinationals and Income Shifting by Debt," International Journal of the Economics of Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(3), pages 263-286, September.
    18. Herita T. Akamah & Thomas C. Omer & Sydney Qing Shu, 2021. "Financial constraints and future tax outcome volatility," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(3-4), pages 637-665, March.
    19. Cen, Ling & Maydew, Edward L. & Zhang, Liandong & Zuo, Luo, 2017. "Customer–supplier relationships and corporate tax avoidance," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 123(2), pages 377-394.
    20. Graham, John R. & Raedy, Jana S. & Shackelford, Douglas A., 2012. "Research in accounting for income taxes," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 412-434.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • H32 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Firm
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • L20 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - General

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:osk:wpaper:2510. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: The Economic Society of Osaka University (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/feosujp.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.