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Does Transparency Reduce Favoritism and Corruption? Evidence from the Reform of Figure Skating Judging

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  • Eric Zitzewitz

Abstract

Transparency is usually thought to reduce favoritism and corruption by facilitating monitoring by outsiders, but there is concern it can have the perverse effect of facilitating collusion by insiders. In response to vote trading scandals in the 1998 and 2002 Olympics, the International Skating Union (ISU) introduced a number of changes to its judging system, including obscuring which judge issued which mark. The stated intent was to disrupt collusion by groups of judges, but this change also frustrates most attempts by outsiders to monitor judge behavior. I find that the "compatriot-judge effect", which aggregates favoritism (nationalistic bias from own-country judges) and corruption (vote trading), actually increased slightly after the reforms.

Suggested Citation

  • Eric Zitzewitz, 2012. "Does Transparency Reduce Favoritism and Corruption? Evidence from the Reform of Figure Skating Judging," NBER Working Papers 17732, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:17732
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    Cited by:

    1. Krisztina Kis-Katos & Günther G. Schulze, 2013. "Corruption in Southeast Asia: a survey of recent research," Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, Asia Pacific School of Economics and Government, The Australian National University, vol. 27(1), pages 79-109, May.
    2. Babington, Michael & Goerg, Sebastian J. & Kitchens, Carl, 2017. "Do Tournaments with Superstars Encourage or Discourage Competition?," IZA Discussion Papers 10755, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
    3. Devin G. Pope & Joseph Price & Justin Wolfers, 2013. "Awareness Reduces Racial Bias," NBER Working Papers 19765, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. repec:spr:ecogov:v:19:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1007_s10101-017-0199-3 is not listed on IDEAS

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D7 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making
    • D8 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty

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