Mapping of Issues Development in Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and Indonesia Agenda toward 2013: A Historical Perspective

APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) is one of the international economic cooperation which was established 1989. In the beginning of APEC, it was focused only for economic issues, especially related to the trade and investment; however, overtime the issues in APEC have moved into the non-economic issues. This study is aimed to analyze the development issues in APEC, in particular: first, analyzing the process and factor that affect the issues in APEC; second, mapping or grouping issues in APEC that accumulated from 1989 until 2010; third, analyze the potential agenda of APEC meeting in Indonesia 2013. Methods of data collection and information are based on literature studies of APEC meeting documents, interviews with resource persons from within and outside the Indonesia, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD of stakeholders). Method of analysis is based on descriptive analysis and simple statistics. Some findings are: First, issues development in APEC are influenced by two factors:(i) the events or factors related to the development of economic, social, political, and security in global, regional of APEC and APEC host country; (ii) the role of agents that bring the issues to the APEC also plays an important role apart from the government of a country/economy are PECC (Pacific Economic Cooperation Council), ASEAN (Association Southeast Asian Nations), WTO (World Trade Organization), ABAC (APEC Business Advisory Council), ASCC (APEC Study Centre Consortium), EPG (Eminent Persons Group) and PBF (Pacific Business Forum). Second, even though the issues are very broad in APEC which moves from the economic into broader of non-economic issues, the issues are still focused on the achievement of the APEC economic integration, particularly related to the Bogor Goals, as the nucleus of the whole issues. Third, all issues that evolved in APEC are part of the development issues in Indonesia in general; however, from the official documentation development plan document in Indonesia during the period, attention to issues in economic in the APEC begins to decline during the crisis and reform in Indonesia. By putting attention of the latest of issues development in APEC, the possible specific agendas of Indonesia in 2013 summit are inclusive economic growth (developments), connectivity (especially related to infrastructures), and blue economy (especially related to ocean related). All those agendas are inter-related issues of developments that have been developed since the establishment of APEC.