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A propos des origines militaires de la méthode des sections homogènes, retour sur les mécanismes de l'innovation comptable

Author

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  • Yannick Lemarchand

    (CRGNA - Centre de Recherche en Gestion Nantes Atlantique - IEMN-IAE Nantes - Institut d'Économie et de Management de Nantes - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - UN - Université de Nantes)

Abstract

Dans l'histoire des outils de gestion, la France représente un cas relativement original, dans la mesure où l'on y assiste à l'élaboration institutionnelle d'une méthode de comptabilité de gestion qui devient une norme intersectorielle, largement diffusée par le biais de l'enseignement à partir de la fin des années quarante. Le point de départ du processus se situe en 1927, lorsque la Cégos confie au lieutenant-colonel Rimailho la responsabilité d'un comité chargé de réfléchir à une méthode de calcul de coûts applicable à toutes les industries. Le travail du comité aboutit à deux rapports successifs, signés de Rimailho (1927 et 1928), dans lesquels est exposée la méthode dite des sections homogènes, que l'on retrouvera dans les divers plans comptables à partir de 1947. Cette communication montre que ce système était directement inspiré des expériences menées dans les ateliers de l'Artillerie depuis le début du siècle. La mise en évidence de cette filiation confirme l'importance du rôle joué par les militaires dans le développement et la diffusion de certaines techniques de gestion. En outre, en centrant le propos sur les acteurs, hommes et institutions, on s'aperçoit qu'à côté des déterminismes techniques et économiques, les logiques de justification et de légitimation peuvent jouer un rôle primordial dans le processus d'innovation comptable. Ce fut le cas dans dans les ateliers militaires face aux accusations d'innefficience et de concurrence déloyale vis-à-vis du secteur privé. Mais un outil de gestion ne s'affine et ne se diffuse que s'il existe un réseau qui le porte. La méthode des sections homogènes apparaît issue de réflexions parallèles, voire croisées, menées par des hommes possédant la même culture technique et appartenant aux mêmes réseaux de relations et d'échanges d'expériences, constitués dans le cadre de la production de guerre.

Suggested Citation

  • Yannick Lemarchand, 1999. "A propos des origines militaires de la méthode des sections homogènes, retour sur les mécanismes de l'innovation comptable," Post-Print halshs-00587739, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00587739
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00587739
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Michel Lebas, 1994. "Managerial accounting in France Overview of past tradition and current practice," European Accounting Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 3(3), pages 471-488.
    2. repec:dau:papers:123456789/984 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. repec:dau:papers:123456789/986 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Hoskin, Keith W. & Macve, Richard H., 1988. "The genesis of accountability: The west point connections," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 37-73, January.
    5. Lembke B., 1918. "√ a. p," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 111(1), pages 709-712, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mohamed Ali Dakkam, 2018. "qui et à quoi sert la comptabilité ? Un état de l'art et quelques réflexions théoriques pour dépasser le déterminisme des différents paradigmes," Post-Print hal-01907865, HAL.

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