Precarious Employment in Social and Solidarity Economy Organizations : A Sociological Analysis of Human Resources Management Practices in Artisan Cooperatives in the Rabat-Salé-Kenitra region[La précarité professionnelle dans les organisations de l'Economie sociale et solidaire : une analyse sociologique des pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines dans les coopératives artisanales dans la région de Rabat-Salé-Kenitra]

The Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) in Morocco is experiencing significant growth, contributing to more inclusive and sustainable economic development by emphasizing solidarity, cooperation, and human capital valorization. However, the Moroccan SSE faces several challenges, including legal and regulatory issues, funding difficulties, a lack of visibility and social recognition, and precarious employment conditions. By investing in human capital and implementing effective human resource management policies, SSE organizations can foster social innovation, positive-impact entrepreneurship, and the creation of sustainable and inclusive economic models. Optimal human resource management within cooperatives can notably help prevent professional precariousness among workers and strengthen professional resilience by promoting the development of innovative and sustainable initiatives. This qualitative study aims to deepen the understanding of professional precariousness within the Moroccan SSE, specifically focusing on artisanal rug and "Hanbal" cooperatives in the RabatSalé-Kénitra region. Through semi-structured interviews, the research analyzes the human resource management practices and the structural challenges faced by these organizations, despite the SSE's contribution to inclusive development. The primary findings highlight crucial issues related to governance, financing, visibility, and legislation, all of which directly impact employment stability. This research thus offers a novel perspective on the mechanisms of precarization within the cooperative sector and proposes considerations for strengthening professional security within the Moroccan SSE.