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L'héritage de l'éducation sur 25 ans : Une comparaison des tendances au Québec et dans le reste du Canada

Author

Listed:
  • Martin Leblond-Létourneau

    (Department of Economics, University of Quebec in Montreal)

  • Pierre Lefebvre

    (Department of Economics, University of Quebec in Montreal)

  • Philip Merrigan

    (Department of Economics, University of Quebec in Montreal)

Abstract

(in French) L'étude utilise les données provenant de 14 des vagues de l'Enquête sociale générale (ESG), réalisée par Statistique Canada auprès des ménages canadiens. Les enquêtes retenues contiennent pour des années de 1986 à 2011 des informations sur le plus haut niveau d'éducation des répondants et ceux de leurs parents (père, mère). L'analyse estime la probabilité qu'un répondant, de plusieurs cohortes des 25-39 ans, soit gradué de l'université conditionnellement au fait qu'un parent (ou les deux) ont, eux aussi, obtenu un diplôme universitaire. Les probabilités estimées selon le sexe des répondants et des parents permettent de dégager un premier portrait la mobilité intergénérationnelle. Dans un deuxième temps, quatre indices de mobilité sont calculés selon des matrices de type Markovien caractérisant les liens entre nombre d'années d'études de répondants et des parents pour quatre sous-périodes d'années. Enfin, les deux enquêtes sur l'évaluation internationale des compétences des adultes (IALSS 2003 et PIECA 2012), qui présentent les mêmes informations, sont mises à contribution pour estimer des élasticités intergénérationnelles d'éducation et établir un lien entre le quartile de l'indice socio-économique international de la profession des parents et le nombre d'années d'études des répondants. Les résultats indiquent des progressions des niveaux d'éducation des répondants par rapport à ceux de leurs parents. Cependant, les dernières années suggèrent une persistance des écarts d'éducation entre les générations et de la corrélation parents-enfants adultes. En général, les persistances caractérisées sont plus élevées au Québec que pour le Reste du Canada. Abstract (in English, working paper is in French) The study is based on 14 waves of Statistics Canada? General Social Survey. The selected surveys conducted between 1986 and 2011 have information on the highest education level of respondents and their parents (father, mother). The analysis estimate the probability that a respondent, from many cohorts of persons aged 25-39 years, is a university graduate, conditional that one parent (or both of them) were also a university graduate. The estimated probabilities by gender of respondents and parents offer a first overview of intergenerational education mobility in Canada and Québec. In a second phase, four index of mobility are computed with Markovian type matrices which characterize the relationships between respondents and parents number of years of education over four year-periods. Lastly, two international surveys on adult skills (IALSS 2003 and PIAAC 2012), with similar data, are used to estimate intergenerational education elasticities and linking up the international socio-economic index of parental occupation and respondents years of education. The results indicate a clear stepping up of respondent?s education levels compare to their parents. Nonetheless, the latest years suggest that educational gaps between generations persist as well as the parents-children correlation. The describe persistences are greater in Québec than in the Rest of Canada.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin Leblond-Létourneau & Pierre Lefebvre & Philip Merrigan, 2018. "L'héritage de l'éducation sur 25 ans : Une comparaison des tendances au Québec et dans le reste du Canada," Working Papers 18-02, Research Group on Human Capital, University of Quebec in Montreal's School of Management.
  • Handle: RePEc:grc:wpaper:18-02
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    File URL: https://grch.esg.uqam.ca/wp-content/uploads/sites/82/Leblond_Lefebvre_Merrigan_GRCH_WP18-02.pdf
    File Function: First version, 2016. Revised version, 2018.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Pierre Lefebvre & Philip Merrigan, 2020. "Les inégalités provinciales aux tests internationaux-nationaux de littéracie : Québec, Ontario et autres provinces canadiennes 1993-2018 [Provincial achievement gaps from literacy surveys condu," Working Papers 20-02, Research Group on Human Capital, University of Quebec in Montreal's School of Management, revised Oct 2020.
    2. Pierre Lefebvre & Philip Merrigan, 2020. "Les inégalités provinciales aux tests internationaux-nationaux de littéracie : Québec, Ontario et autres provinces canadiennes 1993-2018 (Version révisée et augmentée octobre 2020)," CIRANO Working Papers 2020s-29, CIRANO.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    intergenerational transmission of education; cohorts; mobility indices; ESG 1986-2011; ELCA2003; PEICA2012;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I29 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Other

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