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Credit constraints, endogenous innovations, and price setting in international trade

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  • Eckel, Carsten
  • Unger, Florian

Abstract

This paper analyzes the effects of credit frictions on within-firm adjustments and selection into exporting when both cost-based productivity and product quality matter for the success of a producer. Our model shows that whether FOB prices are positively or negatively correlated with credit frictions and variable trade costs depends on the sectoral R&D intensity. If the latter is high, prices decrease in credit and trade costs, and vice versa. Furthermore, we show that the aggregate effects of financial shocks also depend on the R&D intensity. Stronger credit frictions lead to firm exit, inefficiently high innovation activity among existing suppliers, and welfare losses that are larger in sectors with low R&D intensity. To analyze the effects of credit frictions, we allow for both cost-based and quality-based sorting in a general equilibrium model of international trade. Producers differ in capabilities to conduct process and quality innovations, and external finance is needed for investments.

Suggested Citation

  • Eckel, Carsten & Unger, Florian, 2016. "Credit constraints, endogenous innovations, and price setting in international trade," CEPR Discussion Papers 11727, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11727
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    Cited by:

    1. Bastos, Paulo & Silva, Joana, 2010. "The quality of a firm's exports: Where you export to matters," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(2), pages 99-111, November.
    2. Unger, Florian, 2016. "The Role of Financial Intermediation in International Trade," VfS Annual Conference 2016 (Augsburg): Demographic Change 145855, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    3. Naveen Srinivasan & Poorna Narayanan & Megana Prabha & Hariharasudhan Selvaraj, 2025. "Why Are Wages Of Both Skilled and Unskilled Workers Lower in Poor Countries?," Working Papers 2025-289, Madras School of Economics,Chennai,India.
    4. Andrea Ciani & Francesca Bartoli, 2020. "Export quality differentiation under credit constraints," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(5), pages 1398-1433, May.
    5. Florian Unger, 2021. "Credit frictions, selection into external finance and gains from trade," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 54(3), pages 1206-1251, November.
    6. Dawid, Herbert & Riedel, Frank & Steg, Jan-Henrik & Wen, Xingang, 2024. "Cash-constrained R&D Investment," Center for Mathematical Economics Working Papers 699, Center for Mathematical Economics, Bielefeld University.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms

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