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Le résultat au test PISA est-il prédictif du succès individuel ?

Author

Listed:
  • Christian Belzil
  • Jörgen Hansen

Abstract

Using longitudinal data from the Youth in Transition Survey (YITS), designed by Statistics Canada in conjunction with the OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), we examine the ability of PISA test scores to predict subsequent educational and labor market success. Overall, our results indicate that performance on both components of the PISA assessment is much more predictive of success in the labor market than of academic success or the probability of obtaining a degree in a scientific field. Our findings suggest that the OECD is partially justified in claiming that the PISA program measures individuals' ability to solve practical, real-world problems rather than simply assessing knowledge acquired directly through school curricula. However, given the strong correlation between performance on the two components of the assessment and the virtual absence of any difference in their predictive power, we cannot rule out the possibility that the competencies measured by the PISA program are influenced by a common latent factor akin to general intelligence—one of the most common criticisms directed at the statistical design of the PISA assessment. À partir de données longitudinales de l’Enquête auprès des jeunes en transition (EJET) conçue par Statistique Canada de concert avec le Programme international pour le suivi des élèves (PISA) de l’OCDE, nous analysons la capacité du test PISA à prédire les succès scolaires et professionnels ultérieurs. De façon générale, nos résultats indiquent que les résultats obtenus dans les volets mathématique et lecture du test PISA sont beaucoup plus prédictifs du succès obtenu sur le marché du travail qu'ils ne le sont du succès académique ou de la probabilité d'obtenir un diplôme scientifique. Nos résultats indiquent que l’OCDE est partiellement justifiée de considérer que le projet PISA peut mesurer des capacités individuelles à résoudre des problèmes concrets et pratiques, et non simplement des connaissances découlant directement des programmes scolaires. Cependant, étant donné la forte corrélation entre les résultats obtenus dans les deux volets, ainsi que la quasi-absence de différence entre leurs capacités prédictives, on ne peut exclure que les compétences mesurées par le programme PISA soient contaminées par un facteur latent commun assimilable à l'intelligence générale (une des critiques les plus communes adressées à la conception statistique du programme PISA).

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Belzil & Jörgen Hansen, 2026. "Le résultat au test PISA est-il prédictif du succès individuel ?," CIRANO Project Reports 2026rp-19, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirpro:2026rp-19
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2026RP-19.pdf
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality

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